Cold War Fears Section 26*3 pp

Fear of Communist Influence Cold War renewed fears of Communists –Growth of U.S. Communist Party –USSR’s expansion –Failures in China and Korea

Fear of Communist Influence House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) –Investigated Communist activity in U.S. –Target movie industry and “Hollywood Ten” –“Blacklisted”

Spies in Government Loyalty Review Board –Investigated gov’t employees –Many see as violation of constitutional rights

Spies in Government Alger Hiss –State Department Employee –Accused of giving gov’t documents to a spy –Convicted of perjury

Spy Cases Stun Nation Julius and Ethel Rosenberg –Executed in 1953 for being Communist spies –Public appeals for clemency

McCarthy’s Witch Hunt McCarthyism –Accusations without evidence Lost power during Army-McCarthy hearings –Bullying alienated Americans –Condemned for improper behavior

Brinkmanship Rules US Policy Brinkmanship –Spurred by development of H-Bomb –Willing to use nuclear weapons –Prepared to go to the brink of war –Increased arms race

Cold War Spreads Worldwide CIA used to fight Communism abroad Stalin’s death in 1953 caused temporary relief

Cold War Spreads Worldwide Suez Canal Crisis –U.S. and USSR support different sides in a war over the Suez Canal –Eisenhower Doctrine: US will defend Mid-East against Communism

Cold War Spreads Worldwide Hungary –Democratic government elected –USSR uses military aggression to kill reform movement –US and UN do not offer aid

Cold War Takes to the Skies Nikita Khrushchev –New Soviet leader –Willing to use peaceful means USSR launched Sputnik in Oct –US attempt at satellite fails

Cold War Takes to the Skies U2 Incident –Gary Powers shot down over USSR –Part of CIA spy mission using U2s –Released in exchange for USSR spy –Hurts US ability to negotiate with USSR