Front page picture Change picture by marking Picture, right click and choose send to front. Click on the icon in the middle of the picture and locate the new picture. After inserting once again mark the picture, right click and choose send to back. Picture Size For best quality the size should be: H15.1 cm x W25.4 cm Adoption of Bioavailability Tools for Metals Risk Assessment and Standard-Setting in the USA and Canada Robert Dwyer May 2016, SETAC-EU, Nantes

Headline Maximum 2 lines Subheading Bullets To change bullet and text level use the ‘increase/decrease list level’ found under the ribbon Home > Paragraph Footer text Insert Presentation title and date by opening the header and footer dialog box placed under the ribbon Insert>Text US EPA – Copper BLM-based Criteria update Marine (Saltwater) Copper Marine criteria document has been through external peer review and agency review Scheduled release for Public Comment in 2016 (Federal Register before year end) Software will be hosted by US EPA (criteria only) and Windward Environmental Freshwater Copper Adopted, or under review, by 34 States (next slide)

Headline Maximum 2 lines Subheading Bullets To change bullet and text level use the ‘increase/decrease list level’ found under the ribbon Home > Paragraph Footer text Insert Presentation title and date by opening the header and footer dialog box placed under the ribbon Insert>Text Cu BLM Usage by State

Headline Maximum 2 lines Subheading Bullets To change bullet and text level use the ‘increase/decrease list level’ found under the ribbon Home > Paragraph Footer text Insert Presentation title and date by opening the header and footer dialog box placed under the ribbon Insert>Text US EPA – Copper BLM-based Criteria update Freshwater Cu, cont’d Updated literature review Update of Freshwater Cu AWQCs, including full BLM-based acute and chronic – in progress Fixed Monitoring Benchmark Planned incorporation in both freshwater and marine BLM software (already in use by some States with BLM-based Standards)

Headline Maximum 2 lines Subheading Bullets To change bullet and text level use the ‘increase/decrease list level’ found under the ribbon Home > Paragraph Footer text Insert Presentation title and date by opening the header and footer dialog box placed under the ribbon Insert>Text BLM version with Simplified parameters (temperature, DOC, pH, hardness) - incorporated in Windward BLM software, and may be released by EPA with next BLM rulemaking Missing Parameters Guidance Document -- Draft released for Public Comment recently -- when Final, would immediately apply for Copper, but also future metals with BLM-based Criteria -- Approach was to identify 10 th %iles of Dissolved Organic Carbon, natural ions, by Ecoregion -- recommendation was to use 10 th %ile value(s) for any missing parameter(s) -- Commenters identified several theoretical and practical issues, including: --- “Frankenstein waters” – many “waters” of 10 th %ile combinations – don’t exist in natural environment Oregon Cu Standards update – required by US EPA -- Proposed Standards – Adopt the “Missing Parameters” 10 th %ile approach 5 US EPA – Copper BLM-based Criteria update - Other related activities

US EPA Activity: Ni Background US EPA Region 5: actively considering development of bioavailability-based WQC for Ni (and Zn) What is the issue? Current hardness-based approach (from 1986) shows exceedances where full bioavailability normalization suggests no risk If implemented by Region 5, bioavailability-based WQC could be adopted at Federal level Validation US EPA concerned that some waters within Region 5 are outside of BLM boundaries Testing of bioavailability relationships in waters of extreme chemistry (high hardness/high pH/low DOC and low hardness/low pH/high DOC) Ceriodaphnia dubia (USGS) and Neocloeon triangulifer (Ill. Natural History Survey) Model reconciliation Integrate all relevant bioavailability relationships into modeling format acceptable to US EPA (Windward) 6

US EPA Activity: Zn Region 5 interest (see slide above) State of Utah: Recognition by Utah of the Zn BLM for generating site-specific water quality standards 7

Marine BLM: Ni Background Currently no bioavailability-based Environmental Quality Standards for Ni in marine waters Research indicates that dissolved organic carbon ameliorates Ni toxicity to Crustacea Echinoderms Molluscs Ongoing activities Research program led by Scott Smith and colleagues at Wilfrid Laurier U. (Waterloo, ON, Canada) Development of speciation methods Determination of relationship between marine DOC and Ni toxicity Development of predictive model Timing: end of

Headline Maximum 2 lines Subheading Bullets To change bullet and text level use the ‘increase/decrease list level’ found under the ribbon Home > Paragraph Footer text Insert Presentation title and date by opening the header and footer dialog box placed under the ribbon Insert>Text Environment Canada – BLM Update Cooperation with US EPA to benefit from recent US EPA freshwater copper literature review Harmonized dataset and bioavailability approach with US EPA, although both jurisdictions have different data quality screens, and different preferred endpoints. Chronic SSD based on EC10s to include fish, invertebrates, plants and algae Chronic BLM software developed by Windward Environmental Database-driven approach Includes SSD graphics and fitting to multiple distributions HC5 (or any HCx) generated from the overall best distributional model or user-selected

Environment Canada: Other metals Zn: Canadian Council of Ministries of the Environment (CCME) draft WQG on Zn, which incorporates bioavailability via Multiple Linear Regression Pb: Environment Canada draft WQG on Pb, which incorporates bioavailability via Multiple Linear Regression with the inclusion of Ca, DOC and pH as modifying factors. 10

Thank you HESD-SC meeting, June , Antwerp11 For more information please contact