Suffrage- the right to vote In the early 1800’s, more people gained the right to vote States reduced voting restrictions No more poll taxes or property requirements 1800= 14 states with property requirements to vote 1830= 2 states with property requirements to vote The “common man” gained voting rights Helped Jackson win the election of 1828 Expanded Suffrage

Changes in voting requirements 1800 to 1830

New Political Parties No one won the electoral votes Voting moved to House and JQ Adams won Jackson referred to this as the “Corrupt Bargain” Split the Democratic- Republicans in 2 Democrats Jackson supporters National Republicans Adams supporters

Election of 1828 Jackson vs. Adams…AGAIN! First modern political campaign –Both sides made vicious, personal attacks –Tried to “win” the vote Jackson aimed his campaign against the wealthy elite (Adams) –He promised to look out for the “common man” Jackson won both the popular and electoral vote His election marked the beginning of Jacksonian Democracy –idea of spreading political power to all people and ensuring majority rule

1828 Election Results

Jackson’s Presidency Jackson supporters –Rich planters from the South –People on the Western frontier –Middle class (“Common Man”) –Immigrants in the cities Jackson rewarded his supporters with jobs –Spoils System: winning candidates give government jobs to their supportersSpoils System Issues during his presidency –States’ Rights (Nullification) –Role of the National Bank –Status of Native Americans

Jumpstart – In your notebook! Use the tables to answer the questions. 2 observations 1.Write 2 observations you can make about these elections using data from the charts. 2.What factor best explains the large increase in voters between the election of 1824 and 1828? a.Former slaves were emancipated and allowed to vote. b.An amendment was enacted ending voting fees. c.Women were given the right to vote. d.Many states had put an end to property qualifications. Election of 1824 John Quincy Adams 113,122 Andrew Jackson151,271 Henry Clay47,531 William Crawford40856 Election of 1828 John Quincy Adams 500,897 Andrew Jackson642,533

Directions: With your partner, sort the following descriptions into either “Northern” or “Southern”. You do not have to write-out the full description, just write “North” or “South” next to the letter it matches. (Ex. A = South) A.Majority based on industry B.Majority based on agriculture C.Factories and textile manufacturing D.Fishing and whaling E.Growing use on immigrant labor F.Large farms/Plantations G.Cash crops (tobacco, indigo, rice, cotton) H.Shipbuilding/naval supplies I.Based on slave labor J.Shipping and trade (lots of port cities) Geography, Climate, & Economies of the North & South

Economy of the North A.Majority based on industry B.Factories and textile manufacturing C.Fishing and whaling D.Growing use on immigrant labor E.Shipbuilding/naval supplies F.Shipping and trade (lots of port cities) Economy of the South A.Majority based on agriculture B.Large farms/Plantations C.Cash crops (tobacco, indigo, rice, cotton) D.Based on slave labor Geography, Climate, & Economies of the North & South

Directions: With your partner, sort the following descriptions into either “Northern” or “Southern”. You do not have to write-out the full description, just write “North” or “South” next to the letter it matches. (Ex. A = South) A.Rich, fertile soil B.Short growing season C.Very cold winters and mild summers D.Hot, humid summers and mild winters E.Hard, rocky, unfertile soil F.Long coastline with natural harbors/ports G.Long growing season Geography, Climate, & Economies of the North & South

Geography and Climate of the North A.Short growing season B.Very cold winters and mild summers C.Hard, rocky, unfertile soil D.Long coastline with natural harbors/ports Geography and Climate of the South A.Rich, fertile soil B.Hot, humid summers and mild winters C.Long growing season Geography, Climate, & Economies of the North & South

What is a TARIFF? TAX the government puts on IMPORTED GOODS (from other countries) WITHOUT a tariff: British Cloth: $20 a yard (Better Quality, Been Producing Longer) American Cloth: $25 a yard WITH a tariff: British Cloth: $20 a yard + $10 tariff = $30 American Cloth (no tariff) = $25 a yard REVIEW ! REVIEW ! TARIFFS make the government revenue since they are taxes TARIFFS also make American products cheaper  more $ spent in the U.S. and more jobs for citizens

If you were a FACTORY OWNER or in MANUFACTURING, would you like tariffs? Yes! Your products would not have an additional tax, so what you make would be cheaper than foreign goods. If you were a PLANTATION OWNER or FARMER, would you like tariffs? No! You depend on foreign nations to buy your crops and in return, you buy their manufactured goods. You are afraid that tariffs will make foreign goods more expensive. If you don’t buy their goods, then they might not buy your crops. REVIEW ! REVIEW !

Increasing Sectionalism 1820’s and 30’s- Nationalism was replaced by sectionalism Loyalty to ones state or region over the country During this time Congress was arguing over tariffs and their effects on the country North liked it b/c it made their goods cheaper South didn’t b/c they depended on foreign trade Congress passed the largest tariff yet in 1828 to help the growth of manufacturing

Tariff of Abominations (1828)- tariff that raised the price of imported factory goods by the largest amount yetTariff of Abominations (1828)- Northern factory owners favored the new law since it encouraged people to buy their goodsNullificationNullification

Southerners opposed it for several reasons: 1.Tariffs raised the price they paid for factory goods 2.High tariffs kept foreign countries from trading with the U.S. because it was more expensive Hurt cotton sales for the South 3.Believed the a law that favored one section was unconstitutional Calhoun, Vice President at the time, brought up idea of nullification- states can nullify a law if they see it as unconstitutionalNullificationNullification

Tariff brought up the issue of state vs. national government again Webster-Hayne Debates: 1830 Senate debate over the doctrine of nullification South Carolina threatened to secede Jackson was prepared to use military force to keep them in the union Henry Clay created a compromise bill that gradually lowered the tariff until 1842 Both sides called a truce for the time South Carolina Threatens to Secede

Who Would’ve Said… “I am so glad Jackson won the election! Finally, someone is in office who supports the majority.” –Western Farmer OR Northern Factory Owner “The spoils system is completely ridiculous! What is Jackson trying to do, fill our government with uneducated fools?” –National Republicans OR Democrats “Thank goodness for this new tariff. My profits have doubled since last year.” –New England Factory Owner OR Southern Farmer

With your shoulder partner, spend 1 minute discussing: 1.How citizens use banks 2.How banks help citizens 3.How banks make money How Do Banks Work?

Jackson and the Bank Using the provided excerpt, please read for and highlight the following: 1.How was the federal government involved with the bank? 2.In Jackson’s opinion, who did the bank favor? And who did it hurt? 3.What did Henry Clay do in 1832 that dealt with the bank? 4.How did Jackson respond to the bank being re-chartered (renewed)? 5.Did citizens agree with Jackson? How do we know?

Issues over the Bank Jackson was against the National Bank for many reasons: –Favored wealthy Northerners –Didn’t help Western farmers –Thought the bank president used the bank to control Congress Jackson vetoed the re-charter He later moved all federal money to state banks (pet banks) By doing this, he “killed” the bank

Add dialogue to reflect how the common people and the upper class might have felt about Andrew Jackson’s battle with the Bank of the United States (National Bank). Ideas to consider; –Who (what specific group)did banks benefit? –Which side would have supported Jackson and why? –Who makes up his party, the Democratic Republicans? Talking Heads: Bank Veto

Indian Removal Jackson had little sympathy for Native Americans Raised on the frontier Only 125,000 remained east of the Mississippi Hoping to keep their lands, they adopted many American characteristics and ways of life Despite their effort, whites decided they had to go as cotton spread west Turn and Talk: What invention made cotton a more profitable crop and increased the need for land and slaves? What did that tool provide? Indian Removal Act of gave the president the right to make treaties in which Indians traded their lands for new territory on the Great Plains Some saw no other way out and gave up land

Turn and Talk: Why might most tribes give in with little resistance to the land trades? Georgia tried to take control of Cherokee land with certain states laws Cherokee appealed to the Supreme Court in Worcester vs. Georgia 1832 –John Marshall ruled that the Cherokee nation was “a distinct community” –The Georgia laws were ruled unconstitutional –Ruling was ignored by both Jackson and Georgia Cherokee had to sell or would be removed by military force Turn and Talk: Were Jackson’s actions constitutional? If not, who is responsible for “checking” his power? Trail of Tears

ps.gov/trte/le arn/photosm ultimedia/dvd.htm Trail of Tears 1838: 16,000 were moved into camps and began the forced march west More than ¼ died from exposure and starvation Later became known as the Trail of Tears

Jump Start Please come in and have a seat We will finish the video first thing!