HAIR, SCALP & CONSULTATION

THE HAIR SHAFT THE MEDULLA THE CORTEX THE CUTICLE

THE CUTICLE CLOSED OPEN

POOR CONDITION Chemicals enter OPEN CUTICLES Porous Poor cuticle

Chemicals cannot enter as easily GOOD CONDITION Chemicals cannot enter as easily CLOSED CUTICLES Resistant Good cuticle condition

TASK 1 POROSITY TEST Get into pairs and carry out an analysis of each others hair condition. Look at the hair. Listen and discuss previous treatments. Feel the hair; this tells you a lot about the condition. Carry out a porosity test. Discuss the findings TAKE A FEW STRANDS OF HAIR AND WITH ONE FINGER & ONE THUMB SIDE DOWN TOWARDS THE SCALP. THE MORE RESISTANCE FELT, THE MORE POROUS THE HAIR.

TASK 2 Label the diagram and fill in the missing words from the list at the bottom of the page. The cuticle is made up of SEVEN to TEN layers of overlapping scales. These scales are TRANSLUCENT, like frosted glass, so that the hair colour can be seen through them. The cuticle is very tough and holds the whole hair together, but it may be damaged by HARSH CHEMICALS such as perms or bleaches or harsh treatments such as BACK BRUSHING. Answers: BACK BRUSHING, TEN, TRANSLUCENT, HARSH CHEMICALS, SEVEN.

IS DETERMINED BY THE AMOUNT OF CUTLCLE LAYERS THE HAIR TEXTURE IS DETERMINED BY THE AMOUNT OF CUTLCLE LAYERS FINE MEDIUM COARSE Very fine hair Average hair Very coarse hair

THE CORTEX REAL HAIR DRAWING

HAIR ELASTICITY POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN CORTIAL FIBRES LAYERS OF THE CUTICLE

PHYSICAL DAMAGE HAIR HAS BEEN SHEARED OFF CORTEX RIPPED THE START OF A SPLIT END

TASK 3 Look up elasticity test in the index page of your text book And complete the following sentence; How, why and when do you carry out an elasticity test?

(USE YOUR TEXT BOOKS TO HELP) TASK 4 (USE YOUR TEXT BOOKS TO HELP) The cortex is made from many strands or fibres, which are twisted together. These can stretch, and then return to their original length. Hair is made of a protein called KERATIN. Keratin itself is made of AMINO ACIDS, which are found in long coiled chains called POLYPEPTIDE chains. Various links and bonds hold these chains together. Temporary bonds are HYDROGEN bonds and SALT links. These break and rejoin whenever the hair is STRETCHED or DRIED into a new shape. Answers: HYDROGEN, KERATIN, POLYPEPTIDE, AMINO ACIDS, DRIED, SALT, STRETCHED.

TASK 4 continued (USE YOUR TEXT BOOKS TO HELP) Permanent bonds are called SULPHUR bonds; these are very strong and can only be broken by using PERMS or RELAXERS. The cortex also contains colour PIGMENT. These pigments are called MELANIN, which are brown and black, and PHEOMELANIN, which are YELLOW and RED. These can only be altered by permanent TINT or BLEACHED. The medulla is not always present in hair and does not have any real function Answers: MELANIN, BLEACHED, RED, RELAXERS, YELLOW, PERMS, TINT, PIGMENT, SULPHUR, PHEOMELANIN.

TASK 5 IN GROUPS COMPLETE A LIST OF WHAT CAUSES DAMAGE TO THE HAIR ENVIROMENTAL PHYSICAL CHEMICAL

The regeneration of the hair is influenced by the following factors: Health Diet Age Effects of disease Hormone balance Heredity factors Climate Physical condition Chemical affects Non stress

Hair is grouped into the following types: TASK 5 Hair is grouped into the following types: Caucasian (European) - Loosely waved or straight hair. Negroid (African) - Tight, kinked, woolly, curled hair. Mongoloid (Asian) - Coarse, straight, lank hair.

PH SCALE Bleach Tint Shampoo Water Hair & Scalp ACID NEUTRAL ALKALINE With the help of page 19 of your text book write the following onto the pH scale below indicating where they would sit; Bleach Tint Shampoo Water Hair & Scalp Then complete the following task ACID NEUTRAL ALKALINE

PH SCALE - TASK PRODUCT VALUE pH ACID ALKALINE Look on the packaging to see if you can find the pH value of these products or use the universal indicator paper. PRODUCT VALUE pH ACID ALKALINE PRE PERM SHAMPOO COLLEGE SHAMPOO SHAMPOO FROM HOME COLLEGE CONDITIONER 4X4 VITAMIN STYLING PRODUCT HAIR SPRAY FASHION FORM PERM SOLUTION NEUTRALISER TINT PEROXIDE WHEN COLOUR MIXED TINT REMOVER BLEACH WATER