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Contemporary Reform Policy: SPFHS a. What kinds of changes/reforms would you like to see in SPFHS? b. Who is capable of causing awareness about change and ultimately making changes? c. What are some long term and short term problems that you see at SPFHS? d. What is the procedure for creating change?

The Progressive Era The “poor were the victims rather than the makers of their fate…” – Jacob Riis How does this compare with Social Darwinism? Instead of sweeping the problems under the rug and making everything glitter on the outside, progressives were on a mission to expose the corruption and make society better

List 3 things that Progressive reformers should learn from the farmers and the Populist Movement?

The Progressive Umbrella Gilded Age PopulismProgressive Era These 3 periods of time overlap and build upon each other.

Progressivism Emerged in the 1890s Believed new ideas, logical thinking and honest government could bring social justice!

WHO? Middle-class people

WHAT?: A Variety of Problems Majority: Political Reform Women: Right to Vote Why might it be difficult to achieve political reform? Corrupt Government Poor living conditions Divide between rich and poor

HOW? Logic, reason, modern ideas, scientific techniques, religion

Journalists Muckrakers: socially conscious/ work for reform –Lincoln Staffens, Jacob Riis Defenders of the poor McClure’s  magazine known for uncovering social problems

Teddy Roosevelt: The 1 st Progressive President There are, in the body politic, economic and social, many and grave evils, and there is urgent necessity for the sternest war upon them. There should be relentless exposure of and attack upon every evil man whether politician or business man, every evil practice, whether in politics, in business, or in social life. I hail as a benefactor every writer or speaker, every man who, on the platform, or in book, magazine, or newspaper, with merciless severity makes such attack, provided always that he in his turn remembers that the attack is of use only if it is absolutely truthful.

Reforms Protecting Children Religious- Social Gospel Aid to Poor- Settlement Houses Political Corruption/City Government Ethnic Tensions Helping Industrial workers- Triangle Shirtwaist Factory

Political Cartoons Helpful in exposing corruption Makes you think about a political or social issue Important Aspects: –Cartoon’s Message –Symbolism –Imagery

Naturalist Novel Showed human misery and the struggles of common people

“How the other half lives”

Social Gospel movement: a religious approach to address the social problems caused by poverty and urbanization Settlement Houses: addressed the needs of the poor by providing education classes, temporary shelter, Americanization White, middle-class, college educated, Protestant women

How do you think immigrants at the turn of the century viewed the social reformers like Jane Addams?

Social Reformers of the Progressive Era WOMEN: –White –Middle-class –Protestant –Educated

What were the attitudes of Progressive social reformers towards immigrants? Progressive social reformers were generous and hel helpful. Progressive social reformers were condescending and judgmental.

A/B Statements Statement A: Women are just as physically strong as men and can perform the same physical labor as men. Example Statement B: In comparison to men, women are inferior beings; they cannot do the same physical work because it conflicts with women’s natural role to have and raise children. Example Statement C: Example

C statements 1. An extension of B--Women have a limited amount of muscle mass without taking steroids, and women have lower muscle mass than men. 2. Women need to stay in shape in case the male provider gets sick, dies, etc. 3. Women aren’t inferior; women’s ability to have children is a gift. 4. Women are naturally smaller; it’s easier to build up muscle mass