The Periodic Table of Elements PS4

Who created the periodic table? In 1869, Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev arranged elements by increasing atomic mass and properties. The table contained gaps, and these gaps, he predicted, were where undiscovered elements belonged. Mendeleev predicted the discovery of new elements.

The Modern Periodic Table It is a tool used to organize information about the elements. An atom’s identity is directly related to the number of protons in its nucleus (atomic number). The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic number

What information does it contain? Chemical Symbol Chemical Name Atomic Number Atomic Mass Each box on the table contains information about the structure of an element

You've got Your Periods... Rows go left to right and each of the rows is considered to be a different period. There are 7 periods.

And you got your groups… A column goes from top to bottom and is called a group or family. quoted from ml ml

Groups = Columns The elements in a group have the same number of valence electrons (electrons in the outer energy level) Every element in the 1 st column (group 1) has 1 electron in its outer shell. Every element on the 2 nd column (group 2) has 2 electrons in the outer shell.

Let’s refresh our memories… answer these question in your notes All elements are made of ___________. An atom is identified by the number of ____________ in it’s nucleus. The periodic table is arranged by increasing ___________________. The vertical columns are called __________. The horizontal rows are called _____________.

For your viewing pleasure… /videos/4213de07-54f a67c- b1a3508c3a4b /videos/4213de07-54f a67c- b1a3508c3a4b

Groups Because elements in the same groups have the same number of valence electrons, this is the reason they have similar properties This is the basis of periodicity – the repetitive pattern of properties, such as boiling point, across periods

3 Major Classes of Elements Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Elements have increasing nonmetallic character as you read from left to right across the table. Some groups have specific names.

Poster Time & Gallery Walk Each table will receive a class of elements or a specific group. Your task as a group is to create a poster about your class or group. include the following: Specific location on periodic the periodic table with drawing Properties (physical & chemical) of the group Include vocabulary words and definitions (if applicable) Important or interesting facts We are going to do a gallery walk in the last 15 minutes of class.

Properties of Metals Majority of elements on the table are metals Begin on left and extend across Good conductors of heat and electricity shiny (luster) Malleable Ductile Some magnetic Most are solids at room temperature Only Mercury (Hg) is liquid at room temp.

very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity. can explode if they are exposed to water 1 valence electron ALKALI METALS – Group 1 From

metals very reactive not found free in nature 2 valence electrons ALKLINE EARTH METALS (Group 2) From

Groups 3-12 ductile and malleable, and conduct electricity and heat TRANSITION METALS From

have properties of both metals and non- metals some of the metalloids are semi- conductors. This means that they can carry an electrical charge under special conditions. This property makes metalloids useful in computers and calculators METALLOIDS From

not able to conduct electricity or heat very well very brittle Do not reflect light. NON-METALS From

"halogen" means "salt-former" and compounds containing halogens are called "salts" exist in all three states of matter 7 valence electrons Very reactive nonmetals HALOGENS From

do not form compounds easily Happy/Inert Elements (Full outer shells)Happy/Inert Elements (Full outer shells) NOBLE GASES From