Salinization & Waterlogging Emily Chartier Period 2 Mary Schenning Julianne Gulli

What is salinization and waterlogging? Salinization is the soil salinity content in the soil; the process of increasing of salt levels are known as salinization. Waterlogging is the act or process of becoming excessive in amounts of water in irrigation, commonly accompanied by an excess of so-called alkali or earthy soils.

Pictures Salinization: Waterlogging:

What causes salinization and waterlogging, AND WHAT TECHNIQUE CAN BE USED BY FARMERS? Cause of waterlogging and salinization: Stalinization on the soil surface occurs with the presence of soluble salts such as sulfates, calcium, sodium and magnesium or when there is a shallow saline groundwater table and an inadequate rain amount to remove salts from the soil. Waterlogging occurs when roots of plants cannot respire due to the excess water in the soil profile. What can farmers do?: Test water for excessive amounts of salt in soil Flush soil with water to try and remove salt build up

Example of irrigation of plants

Parts of the world where salinization and waterlogging are issues Salinization and waterlogging is a worldwide problem where areas of soil where lots of irrigation water is used and are poorly drained, leaving behind an excessive amount of salt in the soil. 10% of all irrigated land may suffer from waterlogging. This is about the size of Idaho. Areas where this issue occurs: Parts of the Mideast China’s North Plain Soviet Central Asia San Joaquin Valley, California Colorado River Basin

Map of affected areas

Ecological impact The ecological impact on the water because of Stalinization is an increase of the amount of salt levels present in the water itself. The ecological impact on the land because of Stalinization is that it causes the soil to have little to no structure at all.

Before & after Ecological impact

Methods to prevent Stalinization Select crops that fit the conditions in fields Know the leaching requirements for crops Keep the right intervals between irrigations Use appropriate fertilizer types Have soil tested periodically to make sure salt levels are down Purify water for irrigation processes

Methods to prevent Waterlogging Control canal seepage In-field water management Control of inflow from other water bodies Control of ground-water inflows Control of water from higher ground into lower fields

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