CNVOS Centre for information service, co-operation and development of NGOs Tina Michieli EU Policy

Council of Europe: Code of Good Practice for Civil Participation in the Decision-Making Process should enhance cooperation and promote shared responsibilities of NGOs and public authorities in promoting democratic and inclusive policy-making based on actual experience of NGOs across Europe (international good practice, regional consultations) adopted by the Conference of INGOs of the Council of Europe and endorsed by the Council of Ministers as a reference document of CoE in October 2009

Council of Europe: Code of Good Practice for Civil Participation in the Decision-Making Process contains a set of general principles, guidelines, tools and mechanisms for civil participation in the political decision-making process can be used as action-oriented instrument can be implemented at local, regional and national levels

Main objectives of public participation: transparency of procedure better informed public additional arguments, positions and information higher quality of the adopted document greater support for the implementation of proposed measures

Conditions for Civil Participation: rule of law adherence to fundamental democratic principles favorable legislation political will clear procedures developed methods for dialogue and cooperation long-term support and resources for a sustainable civil society

Principles of public participation Accountability: possibility to identify institutions performing particular tasks and call them to account for their acts; Transparency: public has access to reliable, relevant and timely information on the activities undertaken by public administration; Openness: public administration listens to citizens' needs and takes account of their proposals when formulating and implementing public policy. Independence: NGOs have the right to act independently and advocate positions different from the authorities with whom they may otherwise cooperate.

Code of Good Practice: Content Levels of engagement: information, consultation, dialogue and partnership between NGOs and public authorities. Steps in the decision-making process: agenda setting, drafting, implementation, monitoring, reformulation Tools and mechanisms: eTools, events, capacity-building, structures and framework documents on cooperati o n between civil society and public authorities

LEVEL of participation

LEVELS OF ENGAGEMENT Information basis for all subsequent steps in the involvement of NGOs relatively low level of participation: one-way provision of information from the public authorities, no interaction or involvement with NGOs is required or expected. Consultation authorities informing NGOs of current policy developments and asking for comments, views and feed-back. initiative and themes originate with the public authorities, not with the NGOs.

LEVELS OF ENGAGEMENT Dialogue: two-way communication built on mutual interests and potentially shared objectives to ensure a regular exchange of views. discussion can be wide ranging or explicitly linked to a current policy development process. Partnership: highest form of participation implies shared responsibilities (delegation of a specific task, establishment of co-decision-making bodies) NGOs cooperate closely with public authorities, BUT continue to be independent and have the right to campaign and act irrespective of a partnership situation

STEPS in decision-making process

Agenda setting political agenda can be shaped by NGOs through campaigns and lobbying on behalf of a collective interest Drafting NGOs are often involved in identifying problems, proposing solutions and providing evidence for their preferred proposal

STEPS in decision-making process Decision final power of choice lies with the public authorities, but consultation is central to informed decision draft laws and motions should be open to input and participation of NGOs. Implementation step at which many NGOs are most active: service delivery, project execution

STEPS in decision-making process Monitoring role of NGOs is to monitor and assess the outcomes of the implemented policy Reformulation after assessing the policy implementation and following evolving needs in society, reformulation of policy is often required

Role of NGOs and Public Authorities Contribution of NGOs:  Advocating  Information and awareness building  Innovation  Expertise and advice  Service provision  Watchdog function Responsibilities of public authorities:  Provision of information  Procedures  Responsiveness  Resource provision

Responsibilities of public authorities Information sharing: Provide up-to-date accurate and timely information: in an accessible format for all interested parties on current consultation processes, on policies currently in the decision-making process, on implementation of policies, strategies, public tendering procedures, on current policy status, on possible review of a policy and their perception of changes needed in policy

Responsibilities of public authorities Procedures: develop and adhere to a transparent decision-making process. provide clear, open and accessible procedures for participation assure minimum consultation standards, such as clear objectives, rules for participation, timelines, contacts etc. provide adequate timelines and means for consultation to ensure participation of different levels of civil society. organise open consultation meetings, including invitation to all potential stakeholders follow established rules and regulations for policy implementation.

Responsibilities of public authorities Responsiveness: ensure active involvement of relevant public authority representatives; listen, take into consideration and respond to civil society input; be available and react to specific needs arising from policy implementation. Resource provision: enable and support the active participation of civil society through budgetary provision, in-kind support or administrative services.

Contribution of NGOs Advocating: raise issues, concerns and needs for a specific user group, point of view or a general public interest that is not yet covered by legislation or other policy documents, instruments or measures; assure that consideration is given to the needs and interests of stakeholders affected by the draft policy influence the decision makers before a vote monitor and voice whether the policy initiative reached the intended beneficiaries and had the intended outcome for society lobby for renewal of policy by expressing limitations in or side-effects of the current policy, to meet the of users or citizens

Contribution of NGOs Information and awareness building: focus on public awareness raising, explanation of benefits or disadvantages and impact of policy, inform members, users and key citizens’ groups about the drafting process, about the political decisions and their potential effect, share NGO findings with the public authorities, involve and represent members, users and key citizen groups, act as channels to reach citizens; to listen, react and inform.

Contribution of NGOs Innovation: develop new solutions and approaches provide solutions through the introduction of new approaches, practical solutions and concrete models which bring benefits to specific user groups

Contribution of NGOs Expertise and advice: identify current and future needs in society and provide crucial perspectives provide analyses and research on issues under consideration to inform and influence decision makers raise additional priorities to be included in the policy draft gather evidence or research on the policy ’ s impact conduct research and analysis to identify gaps in the current policy initiative and provide rationale for reformulation

Contribution of NGOs Service provision: input to policy drafting to ensure consideration is given to their specific users ’ needs input to forming policy and creating alternative or nonexisting services for a specific user group, monitor the effects of policies and programmes in terms of quality, sustainability, effectiveness and real case examples identify obstacles and gather evidence to illustrate evolving needs that require a reformulation of policy

Contribution of NGOs Watchdog function: follow the drafting process to make sure stakeholder concerns are considered follow the decision-making process, making sure it is democratic, inclusive, transparent and effective monitor effects of the policy, to ensure that the intended objectives are achieved assess and ensure that the policy is implemented as intended

Tools and mechanisms eTOOLS: websites, Single information points/online databases, video-streaming from hearings, meetings on-line consultations EVENTS: open plenary or committee sessions hearings and public forums with interested stakeholders events, conferences, forums and seminars to inform and discuss the development or implementation of policy with NGOs and the public

Tools and mechanisms STRUCTURES for cooperation: key government contact joint committees and advisory bodies (permanent or ad- hoc) FRAMEWORK DOCUMENTS on cooperation CAPACITY-BUILDING: expert seminars and meetings capacity building seminars, trainings for NGOs and public officials

Tools and mechanisms RESEARCH: Evidence gathering Independent research studies Evaluation of policy and its impact through reporting CAMPAIGNING AND LOBBYING:policy papers, position documents, letters, manifestos, posters and leaflets, websites, media releases and public demonstrations

MATRIX of participation Tool for: - mapping the levels of engagement - assessing participation at all stages of the process - planning of policy process

Thank you for your attention! Contact: Tina Michieli