The Circulatory System

der.co.uk Transport system needed (why?) Functions of blood (3) Composition of blood (4) Types of blood vessels (3) Differences between arteries and veins (3) What capillaries do. Structure of the heart (5 labels and explain) The main blood vessels of the heart (4 and function) Average pulse rate and how to measure it. How the heart pumps blood (7 points more honours) The Circulatory System For video on the circulatory system. You will learn the following

der.co.uk Find out from the video (1) The size of the heart? (2) Two types of blood vessels (3)The number of chambers of the heart (4)What the blood picks up at the lungs (5)What the blood gets rid of at the lungs (6)What causes blood pressure.

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Function: To transport materials around the body Oxygen Carbon dioxide Digested food Hormones Waste chemicals - urea Heat

der.co.uk Compostion of Blood ( what blood is made up of) A liquid called plasma Red blood cells White blood cells Platlets

der.co.uk Composition of Blood Plasma: This is the liquid part of the blood It carries heat helping to keep body temperature at 37 0 C It carries dissolved substances such as CO 2, hormones e.g. Insulin and wastes e.g urea.

der.co.uk Composition of Blood Red blood cells Doughnot shaped Red pigment called haemoglobin which carries oxygen in the blood. Red blood cells carry oxygen.

der.co.uk Composition of Blood White Blood cells Fight disease Produce antibodies to fight bacteria etc. Gobble up harmful bacteria etc.

der.co.uk Composition of Blood Platelets Fragments of larger cells. Help clot the blood and seal wounds. What is haemophilia?

der.co.uk There are THREE types of blood vessels ARTERIES carry blood away from the heart Thick, muscular, stretchy wall narrow central tube

der.co.uk VEINS carry blood towards the heart thin walls with little muscle wide central tube have valves

der.co.uk CAPILLARIES carry blood between arteries and veins wall only one cell thick very narrow central tube

der.co.uk Thick muscular walls Divided into 4 chambers Right side pumps blood to lungs Left side pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to ALL parts of body

der.co.uk The heart is divided into FOUR chambers Right Ventricle Right Atrium Left Atrium Left Ventricle

der.co.uk The heart has four major blood vessels VENA CAVA PULMONARY VEIN AORTA PULMONARY VEIN VENA CAVA

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Red blood cell collects OXYGEN in the lungs 2 The oxygenated cell travels along the pulmonary vein to the LEFT ATRIUM

der.co.uk Oxygenated blood carried to ALL parts of body via the AORTA

der.co.uk Deoxygenated blood carried back from all parts of body via the VENA CAVA

der.co.uk Deoxygenated blood sent back to the lungs for oxygen via the PULMONARY ARTERY

der.co.uk Inside every cell oxygen is used in RESPIRATION to produce WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE +

der.co.uk Draw a flow chart Show the route of a red blood cell 1. Starting at lungs and moving via heart to arm 2. Leaving the arm and returning back to the lungs 3. Labelled oxygenated blood cells (red), deoygenated blood cells (blue), the heart, lungs, arteries and veins

der.co.uk HEART LUNGS VEIN carrying deoxygenated blood back to heart ARTERY carrying oxygenated blood to leg Circulatory system Artery – red Vein - blue

Circulatory System Circulation Heart structure Visit For 100’s of free powerpoints

der.co.uk Double Circulation Left side Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the heart and is pumped to the body organs and tissues Right side Deoxygenated blood from the body is returned to the heart to be pumped to the lungs

der.co.uk Systemic – to the organs of the body Pulmonary system – up to the lungs OXYGEN CARBON DIOXIDE

der.co.uk Structure of the heart

der.co.uk You need to be able to label all parts of the heart

der.co.uk LEFT SIDERIGHT SIDE Left ventricle – has a thicker muscle wall than right side – why? Right ventricle valve right atrium ? Blood from lungs Blood from ?

der.co.uk Body organs

der.co.uk LEFT SIDERIGHT SIDE Left ventricle Right ventricle valve right atrium Left atrium Blood from lungs Blood from ? Blood to the ?

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Beating heart – blood flow The valves prevent the backflow of blood.

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How do the valves work? How many can you see?

der.co.uk Atrium and ventricle muscles force the blood through and out of the heart out in Can you see the 4 valves?

der.co.uk VALVE between the atrium and ventricle Ventricle wall Ventricle chamber

der.co.uk Artery CapillaryVein Carry blood away from the heart Wall only one cell thick. Large lumen Small lumen No valves Usually have deoxygenated blood. Very elastic- walls can stretch Connect arteries to veins Low pressure No valves Leaky so that substances can pass out Carry blood to the heart. Have valves that stop blood moving the wrong way Usually have oxygenate blood

der.co.uk Heart disease Arteriolosclerosis is a disease where the arteries harden or thicken. Caused by smoking and cholesterol in the diet. Leads to high blood pressure and increased risk of heart attack.

der.co.uk The Pulse Rate Pulse = throbing sensation due to pressure of blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps the blood. The average adult heart beats about 70 times per minute. It can be measured by taking your pulse rate for example at the wrist. Your pulse rate is a measure of how fit you are.

der.co.uk Measuring your pulse rate Find your pulse at the wrist, neck or temple. Using a stop watch count the number of pulses in a minute. How would you show the effect of exercise ón pulse rate? What effect do you think exercise will have?

der.co.uk Do the gap fill exercise