The New 2010 Highway Capacity Manual An Overview

2010 Highway Capacity Manual Changes and Improvements Incorporation of New Research HCM Structure and Content Integrated Multimodal Approach Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications Alternative Tools Overview of 2010 HCM

Incorporation of New Research NCHRP 3-60 (Interchange Ramp Terminals) NCHRP 3-64 (HCM Applications Guide) NCHRP 3-65 (Roundabouts in the United States) NCHRP 3-70 (Multi-Modal Arterial Level of Service) NCHRP 3-75 (Analysis of Freeway Weaving) NCHRP 3-79 (Predicting Travel Speeds for Urban Streets) Overview of 2010 HCM

Incorporation of New Research (cont.) NCHRP 3-82 (Default Values for HCM) NCHRP 3-85 (Guidelines for the Use of Alternative Traffic Analysis Tools) NCHRP 20-7 (Two-lane Highways) Overview of 2010 HCM

Production of the 2010 HCM NCHRP 3-92 – Signalized Intersection Methodology (New Delay Method and Structure Changes reflecting Actuated Control) – Gap Acceptance for Six-Lane, Two-Way Stop Controlled Intersections – 75 Mph Speed Flow Curve for Freeways Overview of 2010 HCM

2010 Highway Capacity Manual Changes and Improvements Incorporation of New Research HCM Structure and Content Integrated Multimodal Approach Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications Alternative Tools Overview of 2010 HCM

Overall Organization The 2010 HCM will consist of four volumes: – Highway Capacity Concepts – Highway Capacity for Uninterrupted Flow Facilities – Highway Capacity for Interrupted Flow Facilities – Highway Capacity Applications Guide/Supplemental Material The HCQS will maintain a web-based technical reference library Overview of 2010 HCM

Volume 1: Concepts Front Matter 1. HCM User’s Guide 2. Applications 3. Modal Characteristics 4. Traffic Flow & Capacity Concepts 5. Traveler Perception Concepts 6. Analysis Tools 7. Interpreting & Presenting Results 8. Policy Considerations 9. Glossary & Symbols Volume 1 Index Overview of 2010 HCM

Volume 1: Concepts Basic concepts an analyst should be familiar with prior to conducting an HCM analysis Executive summary for decision-makers Material not expected to be significantly revised Overview of 2010 HCM

Volume 2: Uninterrupted Flow How to Use Volume Freeway Facilities 11. Basic Freeway Segments 12. Freeway Weaving Segments 13. Ramps & Ramp Junctions 14. Multilane Highways 15. Two-Lane Highways Volume 2 Index Overview of 2010 HCM

Significant Procedural Changes Basic Freeway Segments – New speed-flow-density curves and speed curve for 75-mph added – Ramp density adjustment to FFS added Freeway Weaving Segments – New NCHRP 3-75 Procedure Adopted Two Lane Roadways – Two-way analysis eliminated – New third highway class Moderately developed, Small towns Overview of 2010 HCM

Volume 3: Interrupted Flow How to Use Volume Urban Street Facilities 17. Urban Street Segments 18. Signalized Intersections 19. Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections 20. All-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections 21. Roundabouts 22. Interchange Ramp Terminals 23. Off-Street Pedestrian & Bicycle Facilities Volume 3 Index Overview of 2010 HCM

Significant Procedure Changes Urban Street Segments – Signalized intersection procedure expanded – Arrival flow profile with green proportion – Turning vehicle delay mid-block and signals – Estimating vehicle stop rate by segment – Multimodal level of service procedures Overview of 2010 HCM

Significant Procedure Changes (Cont.) Signalized Intersections – Iterative procedure based on actuated control – Incremental Queue Accumulation (IQA) procedure implemented to provide improved delay estimates – Previous errors in queue model corrected – Current HCM Pedestrian Methodology incorporated Overview of 2010 HCM

Significant Procedure Changes (Cont.) Interchange Ramp Terminals – Diamond, Partial Cloverleaf and SPUI Applications – Signalized Intersection Modifications Sat Flow Adjustments for Turn Radius, Lane Utilization and Traffic Pressure Lost Time Adjustments for Demand Starvation and Queue Spillback LOS defined for O-D’s and lane groups only Overview of 2010 HCM

Significant Procedure Changes (Cont.) Roundabouts – Utilizes entry, exit and conflicting flow rates on lane-by-lane assignment of flows – Capacity function of conflicting flow – Right-turn by-pass lanes considered – Delay primarily a function of v/c ratio – LOS defined for critical lanes only Overview of 2010 HCM

Volume 4: Applications Guide Electronic Only Chapters to include methodological details to supplement operational procedure chapters HCM Applications Guide Technical Reference Library – Electronic copies of documents referenced by HCM, for which permission can be obtained to include – Intended as background info on how HCM methodologies were developed Overview of 2010 HCM

2010 Highway Capacity Manual Changes and Improvements Incorporation of New Research HCM Structure and Content Integrated Multimodal Approach Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications Alternative Tools Overview of 2010 HCM

Integrated Multimodal Approach for Urban Streets Modal Interactions Integrating non-auto modes of travel Urban Street Segments and Facilities Signalized and Unsignalized Intersections Considers all users of the facility Interactions among ped, bike and transit modes Consider trade-off in allocating right-of-way Analysis, design and policy considerations Overview of 2010 HCM

Multimodal Level of Service Level of Service (LOS) Typically Single Measure of Effectiveness (MOE) – Directly measured and perceived by travelers User-Perception Indices Urban Street Segments – Auto, pedestrian, bicycle and transit satisfaction based user perception indices Overview of 2010 HCM

Urban Street Service Measures Auto Mode – Average travel speed based on revised Urban Streets Procedures Pedestrian Mode – User Satisfaction Index based on roadway and vehicular traffic characteristics, sidewalk width and separation from traffic, and pedestrian flow rate, gap availability and delay, distance to nearest signalized intersection, etc. Overview of 2010 HCM

Level of Service Determination Bicycle Mode --User Satisfaction Index based on bicycle volume, roadway cross section, volume and speed of adjoining vehicular traffic, % trucks, parking, etc. Transit Mode – User Satisfaction Index based on passenger load, trip length, travel time, wait time, late arrivals, number of stops, and passenger amenities, etc Overview of 2010 HCM

2010 Highway Capacity Manual Changes and Improvements Incorporation of New Research HCM Structure and Content Integrated Multimodal Approach Increased Emphasis on Planning and Preliminary Engineering Applications Alternative Tools Overview of 2010 HCM

Planning/Preliminary Engineering Application Structure hourly demand to hourly capacity ratio Produce estimate of hourly demand to hourly capacity ratio to quantify the degree of oversaturation same LOS Result in same LOS as operations analysis when using the same input data, assumptions and defaults minimum basic input data Require the use of minimum basic input data necessary to provide meaningful results Overview of 2010 HCM

Planning/Preliminary Engineering Application Structure (Cont.) Defaultsrange of values Guidance provided appropriate use of default valuessimplifying assumptions Defaults developed to represent a range of values to include minimum, average, and ideal conditions, and include representative values of model inputs depicting a variety of input conditions. Guidance provided on methods for estimating input values, appropriate use of default values, and other simplifying assumptions. Overview of 2010 HCM

Service Volume Tables Tables of maximum service volumes for a facility, based on its particular characteristics* Peak hour or daily service volumes Quick reference look-up tables to answer basic questions such as: – How many lanes might be needed? – What will be future LOS? – Where can we anticipate problems? Overview of 2010 HCM

Facility-Specific SVTs Overview of 2010 HCM Exhibit 10-8 Generalized Daily Service Volumes for Urban Freeway Facilities (in 1,000 veh/day) Assumptions include: 5% trucks, 0% buses, 0% RVs, 0.95 PHF, 3 ramps/mi, f p = 1.00, 12-ft lanes, 6-ft lateral clearance..

SVT Potential Applications Quick estimate of LOS Is there a problem? System adequacy Travel demand models Roadway quick sizing Serve as a good feedback loop Overview of 2010 HCM

Signalized Intersection SVTs Overview of 2010 HCM Roadway Type # of LanesService Volumes (per direction)ABCDE Undivided Roadway Two-way w/ Parking 1* Two-way w/o Parking 1* One-way w/ Parking (1 side) One-way w/ Parking (2 sides) One-way w/o Parking

Signalized Intersection SVTs (cont.) Example: Peak Hour Operating Conditions on Downtown Signalized Grid Street System

2010 Highway Capacity Manual Changes and Improvements Incorporation of New Research HCM Structure and Content Integrated Multimodal Approach Increased Emphasis on Planning Applications Alternative Tools Overview of 2010 HCM

Alternative Tools Analysis Tools Recognizes limitations of HCM analytical procedures Strengths of other tools (i.e. simulation) compared with HCM methods Significant Guidance Freeways, Weaving, Ramps, Facilities Signals, Urban Streets, Roundabouts TWSC, Interchange Ramp Terminals Minimal Guidance Multilane, Two-Lane, AWSC, Peds, Bikes Overview of 2010 HCM

ITE 2010 HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL WEB BRIEFINGS ITE, in conjunction with the Transportation Research Board is offering the following Web Briefings to help users learn and apply HCM2010 methods : Highway Capacity Manual 2010 Overview: Now in Four Volumes! Applications of the New Active Traffic Management Chapter Changes to Unsignalized Intersection Methodologies New Multi-Modal Urban Streets Methodology- Pedestrian, Bicycle and Transit Methods New Multi-Modal Urban Streets Methodology- Pedestrian, Bicycle and Transit Methods New Signalized Intersection Methodology Multi-Modal Urban Streets Methodology- Auto Mode New Material on the Use of Alternative Tools: Micro Simulation Models New Freeway Weaving Methodology Enhancements to the Freeway Facilities Method Enhanced Planning Methods and Application of Generalized Service Volume Tables Overview of 2010 HCM