GOCE/GRACE GGM evaluation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data G.S. Vergos, V.D. Grigoriadis, I.N. Tziavos, D.A. Natsiopoulos, E.A. Tzanou.

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GOCE/GRACE GGM evaluation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data G.S. Vergos, V.D. Grigoriadis, I.N. Tziavos, D.A. Natsiopoulos, E.A. Tzanou

Availability of several GOCE/GRACE GGMs for the Earth’s potential OUTLINE

o TIM (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) o DIR (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) o GOCO (01s, 02s, 03s) o EIGEN*s/c (51c, 6s/c, 6s/c2, 6c3stat) o ITG-GOCE02s, GOGRA02s/04s, JYY_GOCE02s/04s OUTLINE

Availability of several GOCE/GRACE GGMs for the Earth’s potential o TIM (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) o DIR (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) o GOCO (01s, 02s, 03s) o EIGEN*s/c (51c, 6s/c, 6s/c2, 6c3stat) o ITG-GOCE02s, GOGRA02s/04s, JYY_GOCE02s/04s Validation of the GOCE/GRACE GGMs and Wo determination OUTLINE

OUTLINE Availability of several GOCE/GRACE GGMs for the Earth’s potential o TIM (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) o DIR (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) o GOCO (01s, 02s, 03s) o EIGEN*s/c (51c, 6s/c, 6s/c2, 6c3stat) o ITG-GOCE02s, GOGRA02s/04s, JYY_GOCE02s/04s Validation of the GOCE/GRACE GGMs and Wo determination o External validation over Greece with collocated GPS/Leveling BMs and gravity anomaly data

METHODOLOGY Combined GGM differences to n max =216,000 evaluation of GOCE/GRACE GGMs every 1 degree from a 3  DTM over Greece

METHODOLOGY Combined GGM differences to n max =216,000 evaluation of GOCE/GRACE GGMs every 1 degree from a 3  DTM over Greece o Mean Tide to Tide Free conversion for orthometric heights o GGM Zero Tide to Tide Free when necessary o All computations in GRS80 o N o relative to the IERS W o of m 2 /s 2

METHODOLOGY Combined GGM differences to n max =216,000 evaluation of GOCE/GRACE GGMs every 1 degree from a 3  DTM over Greece o Free-air gravity anomalies o GRS80/IGSN71 o Clean database after LSC-based blunder detection and removal

LOCAL DATA 1542 collocated GPS/Leveling observations

LOCAL DATA free-air gravity anomalies

GOCE GGM VALIDATION

GGMd/orangemeanstd EGM ±0.139 DIR-R5 169+EGM ±0.123 TIM-R5 166+EGM ±0.121 GOCO03s 167+EGM ±0.122 ITG-GOCE02s 166+EGM ±0.122 GOGRA04s 167+EGM ±0.122 JYY-GOCE04s 167+EGM ±0.122 Geoid height differences between GOCE/GRACE GGMs and GPS/Lev BMs. Unit [m]

GOCE GGM VALIDATION TIM-R5, DIR-R5 and EGM2008 Geoid height differences at the GPS/Lev BMs

GOCE GGM VALIDATION

GGMEGM2008TIM-R5DIR-R5N grav 0-10 km km km km km km km km km km >100 km Relative accuracy of geoid height differences. Unit [ppm]

GOCE GGM VALIDATION

GGMd/orangemeanstd EGM ±5.32 DIR-R5 214+EGM ±4.89 TIM-R5 212+EGM ±4.89 GOCO03s 193+EGM ±4.89 ITG-GOCE02s 193+EGM ±4.89 GOGRA04s 194+EGM ±4.89 JYY-GOCE04s 194+EGM ±4.89 Gravity anomaly differences between GOCE/GRACE GGMs and local data. Unit [mGal]

GOCE GGM VALIDATION TIM-R5, DIR-R5 and EGM2008 gravity anomaly differences with the local data

GOCE GGM VALIDATION Radially averaged PSD vs spatial frequency

Basic physical model (Helmert ortho heights): LS estimate of LVD’s zero-height level ‘weights’

Un-weighted LS estimate & combined GOCE/GRACE GGMs o EGM2008 (2190) o DIR-R5 (169)+EGM08 o TIM-R5 (166)+EGM08 o GOGRA04s (167)+EGM08

Un-weighted LS estimate & combined GOCE/GRACE GGMs o EGM2008 (2190) o DIR-R5 (169)+EGM08 o TIM-R5 (166)+EGM08 o GOGRA04s (167)+EGM08

Un-weighted LS estimate & combined GOCE/GRACE GGMs o DIR-R5 (169)+EGM08 o TIM-R5 (166)+EGM08 o GOGRA04s (167)+EGM08 Great consistency for the GOCE/GRACE GGMs in

o GOCE/GRACE GGM validation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data, with a remark on Wo determination CONCLUSIONS

o GOCE/GRACE GGM validation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data, with a remark on Wo determination o The latest releases are better than EGM2008 as much as 1.8 cm (1σ), reducing also the mean by 3 cm and the range by 7 cm CONCLUSIONS

o GOCE/GRACE GGM validation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data, with a remark on Wo determination o The latest releases are better than EGM2008 as much as 1.8 cm (1σ), reducing also the mean by 3 cm and the range by 7 cm o DIR-R5 and TIM-R5 are better up to d/o 230, with significant improvements in the spectral range between d/o CONCLUSIONS

o GOCE/GRACE GGM validation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data, with a remark on Wo determination o The latest releases are better than EGM2008 as much as 1.8 cm (1σ), reducing also the mean by 3 cm and the range by 7 cm o DIR-R5 and TIM-R5 are better up to d/o 230, with significant improvements in the spectral range between d/o o In terms of the gravity anomalies they are better than EGM2008 by 0.5 mGal (1σ), reducing also the mean by 0.2 mGal and the range by 7 mGal CONCLUSIONS

o GOCE/GRACE GGM validation over Greece with GPS/Leveling and gravity data, with a remark on Wo determination o The latest releases are better than EGM2008 as much as 1.8 cm (1σ), reducing also the mean by 3 cm and the range by 7 cm o DIR-R5 and TIM-R5 are better up to d/o 230, with significant improvements in the spectral range between d/o o In terms of the gravity anomalies they are better than EGM2008 by 0.5 mGal (1σ), reducing also the mean by 0.2 mGal and the range by 7 mGal o from GOCE GGMs is very robust with between the various GGMs at cm CONCLUSIONS

Funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) Scientific Experiment Development Program (PRODEX) within the General Secretariat for Research & Technology (GSRT) invitation to the Greek scientific community in response to the 1st PRODEX Programme Call for Greece. GOCESeaComb Project ACKNOWLEDGEMENT