Organizational Structure Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Authority and Power Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organization and Departmentation Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure Organizational Structure The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization The new Organization Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organizational Networks & Linkages Organization Chart Organization Chart Organization Chart Organization Chart Organization Chart Organization Chart Organization Chart

Organizational Structure -Formal Structure -Informal Structure -What influences the Structure -Types of organizations Authority and Power Organization and Departmentation Organizational Structure The new Organization Organizational Networks & Linkages Organization Chart

Organizational Structure Formal Structure – Open Page 54-55 in Textbook Informal Structure is made up of: People who form social groups , temporary networks , alliances , colleagues who get together over a coffee Informal ways of getting things done which become unwritten rules or the way things done around here -informal channels of communication which by pass official channels. Coule be faster but less accurate. What influences the Structure ? Its Size / Task / Staff / Environment / Age / Culture and Management Style Types of organizations Sole trader / A partnership / Public sector organization / limited company

Lets have a look at what are some types of business activities – open page 57-58

Organizational Networks Authority and Power Authority and Power: -Span of Control -Tall and Flat -Centralization and Decentralization Organizational Structure Organization and Departmentation Organizational Structure The new Organization Organizational Networks & Linkages Organization Chart

Authority and Power: Span of Control: refers to the number to subordinates immediately reporting to a superior official Tall and Flat a Tall organization is one which in relation to its size, has a large number of levels of management hierarchy. This implies a narrow span of control. Where as a flat organization has a small number of hierarchical levels. This implies a wide span of control Centralization and Decentralization Centralization is the concentration of authority for making most decisions at the top levels of the organization where as Decentralization is the dispersion of authority to make decisions throughout all levels of the organization

Tall Vs flat organizations managers Assistant managers MD Dep. Manager supervisors Supervisors Team leaders workers Workers Narrow span of control Wide span of control

Organization and Departmentation -By Geography -By Function -By production Matrix The functional teams & multidivisional structures Organizational Structure Authority and Power Organizational Structure The new Organization Organizational Networks & Linkages Organization Chart

Organization and Departmentation: By Function By Geography Lets have a look at advantages and disadvantages

By product or service : Lets have a look at advantages and disadvantages

The matrix: This type of organization crosses functional and product organization together (a mix of both) Multifunctional teams :Group of individuals brought together from more than one functional area of business to work on a problem or a process that requires knowledge , training and capabilities across the areas to successfully complete the work.

Activity time ! Think about 2 organizations that have geographical departmentation. 1- What do you think could be other disadvantages for such structure ? 2- As Business consultant what can you do to help those organizations rectify those disadvantages

Organizational Networks & Linkages Structure Authority and Power Organization and Departmentation Organizational Networks & Linkages: -Network structure -Linkages -The flexible organization Organizational Structure The new Organization Organization Chart

Organizational Networks & Linkages: Network structure: it is a contemporary organizational structure that is found on a set of alliances with the organization that serves a wide variety of functions Linkages The flexible organization: flexibility is determined by the relationships between the individual parts and the distance to the decision making authority. Network structures allow organizations a high degree of flexibility such as : functional flexibility / Temporal and financial flexibility / Numerical flexibility

Organizational Networks The new Organization Organizational Structure Authority and Power Organization and Departmentation Organizational Structure The new Organization: Organizational Networks & Linkages Organization Chart

The new Organization Some recent trends and ideas on organization structures include the following Horizontal Structure Flat Structure Chunked and unglued Structure Jobless Structure Out focused Structure

Organizational Networks Organization Chart Organizational Structure Authority and Power Organization and Departmentation Organizational Structure The new Organization Organizational Networks & Linkages Organization Chart

Organization Chart Organizational charts are a traditional way of setting out in a diagrammatic form: 1- the units into which organization is divided and how they relate to each other. 2-the formal communication and reporting channels of the organization. 3-The structure of authority, responsibility and delegation 4- Any problems in the above: insufficient delegation , long lines of communication or unclear authority relationships. Some alternatives of the vertical structure are the: Horizontal structure / Concentric Structure / Matrix Charts / Metaphors