Archimedes Principle.

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Presentation transcript:

Archimedes Principle

Archimedes Principle states that the buoyant force acting on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

Example A 5-cm³ block of lead weighs 0.55 N. The lead is carefully submerged in a tank of mercury. 1-cm³ of mercury weighs 0.13 N. What is the weight of the mercury displaced by the block of lead? Will the block of lead sink or float in the mercury? Answer: 0.65N, float

Question 1 A 10 cm³ block of paraffin (a type of wax) weighs 0. 085 N. It is carefully submerged in a container of gasoline. One cm³ of gasoline weighs 0.0069 N. a. What is the weight of the gasoline displaced by the paraffin? b. Will the block of paraffin sink or float in the gasoline? Answer: 0.069N, sink

Question 2 Answer: 0.39N, sink A 30 cm³ chunk of platinum weighs 6.3 N. It is carefully submerged in a tub of molasses. One cm³ of molasses weighs 0.013 N. a. What is the weight of the molasses displaced by the platinum? b. Will the platinum sink or float in the molasses? Answer: 0.39N, sink

Question 3 A 15 cm³ block of gold weighs 2.8 N. It is carefully submerged in a tank of mercury. One cm³ of mercury weighs 0.13 N. a. Will the mercury be displaced by the gold? b. Will the gold sink or float in the mercury? Answer: 1.95N, sink

Question 4 Compare the densities of each pair of materials in questions 1-3 above. a. paraffin versus gasoline b. platinum versus molasses c. gold versus mercury Answers: paraffin > gasoline Platinum > molasses gold > mercury

Question 5 Does an object’s density have anything to do with whether or not it will float in a particular liquid? Justify your answer. Answer: Between two substances, the higher density material will fall, the smaller density material will rise.

Question 6 Based on density, explain whether the object would float or sink in the following situations: a. A block of solid paraffin (wax) in molasses. b. A gold ring in molten platinum. c. A piece of platinum in molten gold. d. A drop of gasoline in mercury. e. A drop of mercury in gasoline. Answers: Float Sink

Question 7 A 1-liter container filled with mercury has a mass of 13.6 kg and weighs 133 N. When it is submerged in water, what is the buoyant force on it if the density of water is 1 kg/L Answers: 9.8 N

Question 8 A 3.0 kg block of Styrofoam is placed in a 100 L container of fluid that has a density of 0.23 kg/L. The final reading on the tanks level is 113.04 L. If the density of the Styrofoam is 0.15 kg/L, what is the buoyant force acting on it? Answer: 29.4 N