The Louisiana Purchase and Exploration Chapter 10 Section 2

The West in 1800  In 1800 the West was the area between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. Kentucky and Tennessee became states 1800 and Ohio became a state in 1803  France had given the Louisiana Territory to Spain to avoid giving the Territory to the British after they had lost the French and Indian War in  Spain and France were negotiating for ownership of the Louisiana territory. The land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains.

North American in 1800

The United States Expands  In 1800 France regained control of the Louisiana Territory. France ordered the Spanish still in New Orleans to close the Port to American Shipping in Angry Westerners then called for war against both Spain and France.  Westerners used the New Orleans and the Mississippi for commerce trade to other parts of the Country and the World. Jefferson to avoid war offered to buy New Orleans from France for $10 million. France offered to sell all of Louisiana to the United States for $15 million dollars

Jefferson in Conflict  When Jefferson learned of the Offer from France he is thrilled. Jefferson wanted a country of small farmers. But he was a Strict Interpreter of the Constitution and it did not say anywhere in the Constitution that the government can buy land. Jefferson ultimately makes a treaty with France to sell all of Louisiana to the United States for $15 million dollars (or 3¢ per acres).  This purchase doubled the size of the United States.

Why France Sells  Napoleon was alarmed by the determination of the US to keep the port of New Orleans Open.  Napoleon enthusiasm for an American Colony was lessened by the loss of the Colony of Haiti.  Napoleon was in a costly war with Great Britain and needed the money to continue the fight with the British.

Louis and Clark Expedition The Corps of Discovery  Jefferson chose Meriwether Lewis to lead the expedition. He was Jefferson’s personal secretary  Louis asked Lieutenant William Clark a mapmaker and outdoorsman to co-lead the expedition. Clark brought his slave – York and he was thought of as a kind of celebrities among the Native Americans  The Expedition left St Louis in May 1804 with 40 men.  Lewis and Clark main mission from Jefferson was to discover an all water route to the Pacific to establish good relationships with the Native Americans To describe and collect samples of the landscape, plants and animals

Louis and Clark Expedition The Corps of Discovery continued

 The Expedition wintered in what is today North Dakota with the Mandan Indians.  In Spring 1805 they continued up the Missouri with Sacagawea (a Shoshone Indian) and her French husband Chabonah, Her language skills, she spoke several languages including sign language her knowledge of geography, she helped lead them through the Rocky Mountains her presence and Son Jean Baptiste, Women and children did not usually accompany War parties. Her brother A Shoshone chief gave the expedition horses and other assistance.

Louis and Clark Expedition The Corps of Discovery continued  The Expedition reached the mouth of the Columbia River and the Pacific in November  They suffered a long winter and were able to returned to St Louis in  Results Brought back a wealth of information and samples Discovered that an all water route did not exist Created the 1 st reliable maps of the Louisiana Territory Established short lived positive relationships with Many Native American Tribes.

The Other Expeditions Zebulon Pike  The Mississippi Expedition  In 1805 Zebulon Pike left St Louis to discover the head waters of the Mississippi River. He mistakenly identified Cass Lake as the source Lake Itasca is correct

The Southern Expedition Zebulon Pike  In 1806 Pike again left St Louis with orders to explore the southern part of the Louisiana Purchase  He was to find the sources of the Arkansas and Red Rivers  Pike and his men were captured for crossing into Spanish Territory as spies and were released in 1807  Pike attempted to climb twice the mountain that bares his name Pike’s Peak  Pike’s description of the Great Plains as a treeless desert let to the mistaken belief that the region was useless for farming slowing settlement for multiple years

Zebulon Pike