© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 1 of 33 Naming Ions A rose is rosa in Spanish, warda in Arabic, and julab in Hindi. To truly understand another culture, you must first learn the language used in that culture. Similarly, to understand chemistry, you must learn its language. For this you need to know how to name ions. 9.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 2 of 33 Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions How are the charges of Group A metal and nonmetal ions related to their positions in the periodic table? 9.1

Slide 3 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Monatomic ions consist of a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons, respectively. 9.1

Slide 4 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Cations When the metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A lose electrons, they form cations with positive charges equal to their group number. 9.1

Slide 5 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions The names of the cations of the Group 1A, Group 2A, and Group 3A metals are the same as the name of the metal, followed by the word ion or cation. 9.1

Slide 6 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions These elements have ionic charges that can be obtained from their group numbers. 9.1

Slide 7 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Anions The charge of any ion of a Group A nonmetal is determined by subtracting 8 from the group number. Anion names start with the stem of the element name and end in -ide. 9.1

Slide 8 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions These Group A elements form anions. 9.1

Slide 9 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions 9.1

Slide 10 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Ions of Transition Metals How are the charges of some transition metal ions determined? 9.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 11 of 33 Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions The charges of the cations of many transition metal ions must be determined from the number of electrons lost. 9.1

Slide 12 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions These colorful solutions contain the transition metal ions Co 3+, Cr 3+, Fe 3+, Ni 2+, and Mn

Slide 13 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Many transition metal compounds are colored and can be used as pigments. 9.1

Slide 14 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Two methods are used to name the ions of transition metals. The Stock system The classical method 9.1

Slide 15 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions In the Stock system, a Roman numeral in parentheses is placed after the name of the element to indicate the numerical value of the charge. 9.1

Slide 16 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions In an older less, useful method, the classical name of the element is used to form the root name for the element. 9.1

Slide 17 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions 9.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 18 of 33 Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions What are the two endings of the names of most polyatomic ions? 9.1

Slide 19 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions These models show the structures of four common polyatomic ions. 9.1

Slide 20 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Some ions, called polyatomic ions, are composed of more than one atom. The names of most polyatomic anions end in -ite or -ate. 9.1

Slide 21 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Names and Formulas of Some Common Polyatomic Ions 9.1

Slide 22 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Sodium hydrogen carbonate can relieve an upset stomach. 9.1

Slide 23 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Fertilizers contain HPO 4 2– and H 2 PO 4 – ions. 9.1

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