Adaptation L.O: To understand how plants and animals are adapted for survival

1. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

2. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

3. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

4. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

5. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

6. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

7. Where do I live? How do you know I live here?

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1.List features which allow animals and plants to live in warm climates like the desert and cold climates like the arctic. And features which organisms have to deter predators. 2.Describe adaptations of given organisms 3.Explain the relationship between surface area and volume 4.Explain the effects of changing the surface area of a leaf

What is an adaptation? What is an adaptation? A habitat is only populated by organisms that are adapted to survive there. Adaptations are special features or behaviours that make an organism particularly suited to its environment. Adaptations are a part of the evolutionary process. Why is it important that living things are adapted to their environment? Adaptations increase an organism’s chance of survival and so increase its chance of reproducing. Why is reproduction so important for all living species?

How are polar bears adapted to life in an extremely cold climate? White fur acts as camouflage. Large feet spread the body’s weight. The wide paws act as good paddles How are polar bears adapted? How are polar bears adapted? Thick fur and a thick layer of body fat insulate from the cold. Small ears help to reduce heat loss. and snow shoes.

Other adaptations that polar bears have evolved to cope with conditions in the harsh polar environment are: How are polar bears adapted? How are polar bears adapted? Skin is actually black to absorb any heat transmitted through the hairs. Greasy fur repels water and keeps the bear dry. Eyes have brown irises to reduce the glare from sunlight reflection. Body surface area is small compared to volume to reduce heat loss.

Wide feet for spreading How is a camel adapted to life in a very hot, dry climate? Fat is stored in the hump. There is no other body fat to prevent overheating. How is a camel adapted? How is a camel adapted? Brown coat for camouflage. Long, thin legs mean the body surface area is large compared to volume to increase heat loss. Loses little water through sweating or urine. shifting sand. body weight over soft

Nostrils can close when needed to protect the camel in sandstorms. How is a camel adapted? How is a camel adapted? Long eyelashes protect the eyes from sand and dust. A very varied diet, ranging from grass and bark to thorns and bones, is eaten. Ears are lined with fur to prevent sand and dust from getting in. Other adaptations that camels have evolved to cope with conditions in the harsh desert environment are:

Leaves are narrow spines that reduce water loss and protect from predators. Stores water in fleshy stem. How is a cactus adapted? How is a cactus adapted? Thick, waxy surface to reduce water loss. How is a cactus adapted to life in a very hot, dry climate? Plant surface area is small compared to volume to reduce water loss. Some have shallow, spreading roots for surface water, others have deep roots.

Use pages and the video clips to fill out the adaptation sheet.

How does the surface area of a leaf affect its water loss? No of leaves Mass Before (g) Mass next week (g) Mass Lost (g) Make a prediction based on what you know about adaptation to water loss What are the independent and dependent variables? What type of data is the independent and dependent variable?

How are leaves adapted to reduce water loss This graph shows that as temperature increases the leaves hold more water – an adaptation to allow it to survive and still have water in soaring heat.

What will the graphs look like for Cuticle thickness and temperatureCuticle thickness and temperature Surface area and humiditySurface area and humidity Yearly rainfall and water storage capacityYearly rainfall and water storage capacity

Banana plant

Hyacinth

Hyacinth

Lemongrass (native to India)

Umbrella Plant

Design an animal which could survive in one of the following habitats. Consider how this animal is going to stay warm or cool, what it is going to eat, how it is going to get its food and water, and how it is going to care for its young to make sure they survive. Your animal must FIT INTO the existing food chain - it cannot be the ultimate predator (the one which can eat everything else and nothing can eat it) 1: This planet is dark and cold most of the time. It is very mountainous. It rains almost all day. Because of the wet, dark conditions, the only plants that grow well are small mosses and funguses. Animals on this planet include a type of mouse, a nocturnal hunting large cat, fish, and a variety of insects. 2: This planet is dry and hot. Most of the planet is flat. Water is found in underground streams but there is little water on the surface of the planet. Most of the planet's surface is covered in sand, although there are patches of dry grass. When plants can get their roots down into the water table, they grow into tall trees with leaves at the top but not along the trunk. Plants which are not connected to the water table are small and dry, but they are edible. Animals on this planet include insects, a species of birds which roost in the high trees, a sand-colored lizard and a type of rat.