More SQL functions As usual,there is additional information in the speaker notes!

Decode function SQL> SELECT name, jobcode, salary, 2 DECODE(jobcode, 'CI', salary *1.03, 3 'IN', salary *1.025, 4 'AP', salary *1.02, 5 'CM', salary *1.015, 6 salary) 7 proposed_new_salary 8 FROM first_pay; NAME JO SALARY PROPOSED_NEW_SALARY Linda Costa CI John Davidson IN Susan Ash AP Stephen York CM Richard Jones CI Joanne Brown IN Donald Brown CI Paula Adams IN DECODE allows the implementation of a CASE or IF…THEN…ELSE structure. This command decodes the field jobcode and then performs a task. The results go in proposed_new_salary. In this case, if jobcode is CI then salary is multiplied by 1.03 and the result is stored in proposed_new_salary.

Decode function 1 SELECT name, jobcode, salary, 2 DECODE(salary, 45000, salary * 1.03, , salary * 1.035, , salary * 1.05, 5 salary * 1.025) 6 proposed_new_salary 7 FROM first_pay; DECODE of salary resulting in proposed_new_salary. Three salaries get specific raises all the rest are handled with salary * NAME JO SALARY PROPOSED_NEW_SALARY Linda Costa CI John Davidson IN Susan Ash AP Stephen York CM Richard Jones CI Joanne Brown IN Donald Brown CI Paula Adams IN

Fixing problems with coding errors SQL> SELECT name, jobcode, salary 2 DECODE(salary, 45000, salary * 1.03, , salary * 1.035, , salary * 1.05, 5 salary *.025) 6 proposed_new_salary 7 FROM first_pay; DECODE(salary, 45000, salary * 1.03, * ERROR at line 2: ORA-00923: FROM keyword not found where expected SQL> 1 1* SELECT name, jobcode, salary SQL> c/salary/salary, 1* SELECT name, jobcode, salary, SQL> / NAME JO SALARY PROPOSED_NEW_SALARY Linda Costa CI John Davidson IN Susan Ash AP Stephen York CM Richard Jones CI Joanne Brown IN Donald Brown CI Paula Adams IN When I keyed this in, I forgot the comma after salary on the first line. This is the error that I got. To correct it, I first entered 1 to bring up line 1. Then I did a c of salary to salary, using c/salary/salary, Looking at the results I still have a problem. This time it is a logic problem. The default salary is multiplied by.025 instead of

Fixing logic problem SQL> 5 5* salary *.025) SQL> c/.025/1.025 SQL> / NAME JO SALARY PROPOSED_NEW_SALARY Linda Costa CI John Davidson IN Susan Ash AP Stephen York CM Richard Jones CI Joanne Brown IN Donald Brown CI Paula Adams IN rows selected. SQL> ; 1 SELECT name, jobcode, salary, 2 DECODE(salary, 45000, salary * 1.03, , salary * 1.035, , salary * 1.05, 5 salary * 1.025) 6 proposed_new_salary 7* FROM first_pay To fix the logic problem, I brought up line 5 where the error occurred and made the change. / executes the code ; shows the code

Editor SQL> edit Keying edit at the SQL prompt brings up notepad as a text editor. I made both of the changes in the editor. The comma was added and the.025 was changed to I then save and close the editor. The code in Oracle is shown below. Wrote file afiedt.buf 1 SELECT name, jobcode, salary, 2 DECODE(salary, 45000, salary * 1.03, , salary * 1.035, , salary * 1.05, 5 salary * 1.025) 6 proposed_new_salary 7* FROM first_pay

Nesting functions SQL> SELECT * FROM first_pay; PAY_ NAME JO STARTDATE SALARY BONUS Linda Costa CI 15-JAN John Davidson IN 25-SEP Susan Ash AP 05-FEB Stephen York CM 03-JUL Richard Jones CI 30-OCT Joanne Brown IN 18-AUG Donald Brown CI 05-NOV Paula Adams IN 12-DEC SQL> SELECT LOWER(SUBSTR(startdate,4,3)) || LOWER(jobcode) 2 FROM first_pay; LOWER janci sepin febap julcm octci augin novci decin First I will find the substr of the date field starting with character 4 and going for 3 characters. This finds the month. Then I convert it to lower case. The next function converts jobcode to lower case. These are concatenated together

Nested functions SQL> SELECT SUBSTR(stadr,(INSTR(stadr, ' '))) || ', ' || city 2 FROM donor; SUBSTR(STADR,(INSTR(STADR,' Elm St, Seekonk Benefit St, Providence Main St, Fall River Oak St, Fall River Pine St, Fall River SUBSTR is operating on stadr. It needs a start point which is determined by using the INSTR operating on stadr to find the first space in stadr. This location gives SUBSTR its start point. I provide no end point so it takes the rest of the characters in substr. I then concatenate with a comma followed by a space and concatenate that with city. On the first example, the address is 123 Elm St. INSTR will find the space in position 4. Therefore, SUBSTR will start with the fourth character in stadr and go to the end.