Copyright Everything you wanted to know that you did not want to ask

Copyright Introduction Fair Use Creative Commons Plagiarism

What is Copyright?Copyright According to the Government of Canada they define Copyright to mean: “the sole right to produce or reproduce a work or a substantial part of it in any form.” 3. (1)Government of Canada This means that is illegal to copy or reproduce any other piece of work that is not yours. Copyrights main purposes are to protect the author’s right to collect commercial benefits from a work and to control how their work is used.

What Kind of Work is Protected? Copyright protects: -Literary works - books, pamphlets, computer programs and other works consisting of text -Dramatic works - motion picture films, plays, screenplays, scripts, etc.; -Musical works - musical compositions with or without words. -Artistic works - paintings, drawings, maps, photographs, sculptures, plans, etc.

What Kind of Work is Protected?... continued In addition copyright also protects subject matter: -Performer’s performances - a performance of an artistic, dramatic or musical work, a recitation or reading of a literary work. -Sound Recordings - recordings consisting of sounds, whether or not a performance of a work. -Communications – anything that is broadcast on the radio for the public.

How long can a work be copyrighted? If an author were to publish a work, their work be protected by copyright for their entire life. After the death of that particular author, there must be a period of about years before the work can be manipulated by the public in any way that they see fit.

How do you use copy righted material? In order to use copyright material you must fulfil two requirements. 1)Identify the copyright holder: Determine who currently owns the work you would like to use. 2)Ask for permission to use it. There is another way to use copyright material and that involves fair use.

What is Fair Use? In the United States they have fair use, but in Canada we use something called Fair Dealings. While the two ideas or similar they are still quite different and international law does not extend across borders.Fair Dealings Fair Dealings is an exception under the Copyright Act that allows for use of someone’s work without their permission.Copyright Act As of 2013, Fair Dealings covers the following: -research, private study, education, satire, parody, criticism, review or news reporting.

Fair Dealings...continued In order for something to be Fair Dealings it must fulfil two requirements 1) Is it in one of the pre-mentioned categories. 2) Is it fair? Context is critical for understanding what constitutes fairness and in general something fair depends on -the purpose of the dealing, character of the dealing, amount of the dealing, alternatives to the dealing, nature of the work, and the effect of the dealing on the original work. Click here for a more indepth definition.Click here for a more indepth definition.

Fair Dealings Analysis Tool Athabasca University has a tool that helps whether the work you intend to use is protected by Fair dealings. The tool uses a form system and gives you a rough idea about whether the work falls under fair dealings or not. Athabasca University Fair Dealings Analysis Tool.

In Education is there a limit to how much I can copy? Yes there is a finite amount that you are allowed to copy. Guidelines are as follows:Guidelines (i) Up to 10% of a copyright protected work, (ii) One chapter from a book, (iii) A single article from a periodical, (iv) An entire artistic work from a copyright protected work containing other artistic works, (v) An entire newspaper article or page, (vi) An entire single poem or musical score from a copyright protected work containing other poems or musical scores, (vii) An entire entry from an encyclopedia, annotated bibliography, dictionary or similar reference work.

Simon Fraser Institute uses the following as a guideline

What about Paraphrasing? Paraphrasing means to include the ideas or information from an original source and rephrase them in your own words. There is no issue with paraphrasing a particular text but you must cite your source.

What about Creative Commons?Creative Commons Creative commons is a non-profit organization that seeks to share content/works with each other. Essentially creators of content join together and share each others work with themselves and the public. Creators can choose which rights they want to reserve and which rights they wish to waive (to share with everyone else) in the form of a license [there are 6 of them]. Click the link for a video that has a creative commons license.video A FAQ about creative commons.FAQ

Plagiarm

Plagiarism - Definition Source

Plagiarism Plagiarism is commonly defined as the direct or accidental act of copying someone else’s work in any form. This may take the form of directly taking exact quotes from a variety of texts or the texts themselves and passing them off as your own. With the amount of information available online it is very easy to plagiarize and thus extra care must be taken to ensure that all sources are cited. Anything outside of “common knowledge” should be cited. (A teacher’s job is to educate, the Prime Minister of Canada is Stephen Harper).

Source

What Constitutes Plagiarism? Click the following link to Harvard’s Guide to Using Sources and thereby avoiding plagiarism.Harvard’s Guide to Using Sources Have a look through some of the examples provided to further analyze the differences in using sources. Each example presents source material and lists a plagiarized version as well as an acceptable version.

How can I avoid plagiarism? Cite the material you are using.

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