ESSENTIAL QUESTION WHAT EVIDENCE DOCUMENTS THE CHANGE OF EARTH THROUGHOUT ITS HISTORY? The History of the Earth.

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Presentation transcript:

ESSENTIAL QUESTION WHAT EVIDENCE DOCUMENTS THE CHANGE OF EARTH THROUGHOUT ITS HISTORY? The History of the Earth

Agenda Important Dates –  Mon/Tues – Interactive Lesson  Thurs 12/12 – Quiz  Fri 12/13 – Data Sheet due

Vocabulary Continental Drift Plate Tectonics Lithosphere Convergent Subduction Divergent Transform Ring of Fire

Concept How and why plates move.

Continental Drift Theory proposed by scientist Alfred Wegener. The continents fit together like puzzle pieces. 225 million years ago, all the continents were one landmass – “Pangaea.” They have “drifted” to where they are today.

Plate Tectonics Pieces of crust – plates.  There are 15 major plates. Earth’s plates sit on top of hot, semifluid rock underneath. This “magma” pushes up at boundaries and causes the plates to move.

Lithosphere The outer layer of Earth’s crust. It is formed when magma pushes up to the surface, cools, and hardens.

Convergent Boundary Where two plates push towards each other. They create:  Ocean trenches  Mountain ranges Mariana Trench (deepest)

Trench:

Subduction A type of convergent boundary. One plate slides under another plate; usually oceanic plates. Create ocean trenches.

Divergent Boundary Where two plates pull away from each other. Magma reaches the surface and hardens into new crust. They create:  Mountain chains  Mid-ocean ridges (mountains)

Transform Boundary Where two plates slide past each other. Also known as “faults.”

Ring of Fire A ring of hot spots around the Pacific Plate. Most tectonically active.