J OURNAL # 62 Write the formula for the following compounds: 1. Sulfur trioxide 2. Iodine trichloride 3. Phosphorus pentabromide 4. Hydrochloric acid

T ODAY, WE WILL NAME AND ACIDS AND SALTS

C OVALENT -N ETWORK C OMPOUNDS Some covalent compounds do not consist of individual molecules Instead, each atom is joined to all its neighbors in a covalently bonded 3-D network. The subscripts indicate the smallest whole number ratio of the atoms in the compound.

C OVALENT -N ETWORK C OMPOUNDS Naming such compounds is similar to naming molecular compounds. Examples: SiC SiO 2 Si 3 N 4

A CIDS We will further study acids in detail later in the year. Binary acids are acids that consist of 2 elements, usually hydrogen and one of the halogens- fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine Oxyacids are acids that contain hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element (usually a nonmetal). Acids usually refer to a solution in water Example: hydrochloric acid refers to a water solution of the molecular compound HCl.

A CIDS Many polyatomic ions are produced by the loss of hydrogen ions form oxyacids. Examples: Sulfuric Acid, H 2 SO 4  sulfate Nitric Acid, HNO 3  nitrate Phosphoric Acid, H 2 PO 4  phosphate

C OMMON BINARY A CIDS AND O XYACIDS NameFormula HFHydrofluoric acid HClHydrochloric acid HBrHydrobromic acid HIHydriodic acid H 3 PO 4 Phosphoric acid HNO 2 Nitrous acid HNO 3 Nitric acid H 2 SO 3 Sulfurous acid H 2 SO 4 Sulfuric acid CH 3 COOHAcetic acid HClOHypochlorous acid HClO 2 Chlorous acid HClO 3 Chloric acid HClO 4 Perchloric acid H 2 CO 3 Carbonic acid

S ALTS Salt- an ionic compound composed of a cation and the anion form an acid Example: Table salt, NaCl, contains the anion from hydrochloric acid. Calcium Sulfate, CaSO 4 is a salt containing an anion from sulfuic acid. Some salts contain anions in which one or more hydrogen atoms from the acid are retained Such anions are named by adding the word hydrogen or the prefix bi- Examples: H 2 CO 3  carbonic acid HCO 3 -  bicarbonate ion or hydrogen carbonate ion

L ET ’ S P RACTICE Write the formulas for each of the following compounds: Diphosphorus trioxide Hydrofluoric acid Hydrobromic acid Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Phosphoric acid

L ET ’ S P RACTICE Write the formulas for each of the following compounds: H 2 SO 3 HClO 3 HCl HClO H 2 CO 3