Why do I care??? Balanced equations give exact mole ratios When the reactions are carried out, the reactants are usually not available in those same.

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Presentation transcript:

Why do I care??? Balanced equations give exact mole ratios When the reactions are carried out, the reactants are usually not available in those same ratio amounts One reactant will be in excess, while one will be limited. The reaction will continue until the limiting reactant runs out.

New Terms!!! Limiting reactant- limits the extent of the reactants and determines the amount of product produced Excess reactants- reactants left over after the reaction has stopped

Here we go… Steps for finding the product when there is a LR. 1.Find # of moles of each reactant 2. Determine whether reactants are in correct mole ratio 3. Change moles of limiting reactant to moles of product 4. Change moles of product to grams of product

Example Time!!! S 8 (l) + 4Cl 2  4S 2 Cl 2 (l) 200.0gS reacts with 100.0gCl:mass of product =? Step 1: Find # of moles of each reactant 100.0g Cl 2 X 1mol Cl 2 =1.410 mol Cl g Cl g S 8 X 1mol S 8 = mol S g S 8

Step 2: mol Cl 2 available * 1 mol S 8 = mol S 8 4 mol Cl 2 We have mol S 8 So Cl 2 must be the LR! Determine which reactant runs out first by converting one into the other and comparing mole amounts

Step 3: mol Cl 2 X 4 mol S 2 Cl 2 = mol S 2 Cl 2 4 mol Cl 2 Step 4: Change moles of product to grams of product mol S 2 Cl 2 X 135.0g S 2 Cl 2 = 190.4g S 2 Cl 2 1 mol S 2 Cl 2 Change moles of limiting reactant to moles of product

Now we are ready to find out how much excess reactant is left over! Step 5: Change moles of limiting reactant to moles of excess reactant mol Cl 2 X 1 mol S 8 = mol S 8 4 mol Cl 2 Step 6: Change actual used moles of excess reactant to grams mol S 8 X 256.5g S 8 = 90.42g S 8 1 mol S 8

Almost Done!!! Step 7: Subtract amount used from amount available g S 8 available – 90.42g S 8 needed = 109.6g S 8 excess AND YOU ARE DONE!!!

Almost… Now you have to try it without me! As a group: Complete Practice Problems Page 368 #20 &21 On your own: Complete Page 878 Section 12-3 #11 & 12