Types of Governments Canadian History 11

The Federal Government The Federal Government is seated in Ottawa and is headed by the Governor General of Canada on the advice of the Prime Minister.

The Federal Government Canada is a Constitutional Monarchy where the Head of State is a Monarch but the powers of the Monarch are defined in a legal document called a Constitution. Clear separation in roles between the Head of State and the Head of Government.

The Federal Government Parliament consists of an upper house(Senate) and a lower house, (House of Commons). The Government's key players: Members of the Cabinet who are the heads of the various Ministries or government departments. Prime Minister's Office and the Privy Council which house advisors to the government on policy matters. .

Federal Government Responsibilities include: Defence Criminal law Employment insurance Postal service Census Copyrights Trade regulation External relations Money and banking Transportation Citizenship Aboriginal affairs The Constitution also specified that every issue not mentioned as belonging to the provincial or territorial governments comes under the power of the Federal Government

Provincial Governments All Provinces and Territories have a capital city and is headed by a Lieutenant Governor (provinces) or a Commissioner (territories) on the advice of a Premier (provinces) or a Government Leader (territories). A province exists in its own right, a creation of the Constitution Acts, 1867 - 1982.

Provincial Governments Territories are created through federal law, therefore, Crown lands in the territories are retained by the federal government. Provinces own their own land in the Crown right of the province.

Provincial Governments Within a territory, federal Parliament may enter into provincial-type affairs, such as school curriculum. Territorial governments are not included in the Constitutional amending formula. To change something provinces vote on the Canadian Constitution.

Provincial Governments Provinces differ slightly in dealing of responsibilities. Differences include: Legislative branch, just one house instead of two. Legislative Assembly, House of Assembly, or National Assembly Executive branch, different names for the Provincial Heads of State Judicial

Provincial Governments Responsibilities include: Property and civil rights Administration of justice Natural resources Environment Education Health Welfare

Municipal Governments Municipal Governments are controlled by higher governments. They create, modify, or eliminate a municipal government at will and controls exactly which powers a municipal government is entitled to execute. There are hundreds of municipalities in each province and territory and are labelled in many different forms. "Upper tier" "Lower tier"

Municipal Governments Local Area or Lower Tier Municipalities Depending on its size, a local municipality may be called a city, a town, or a townships. Referred to as "lower tier" The head of a local (lower or single tier) municipal council is either called the mayor or the reeve. The members of council may be called councillors or aldermen. The head of council is always elected at large by all of the voters in the municipality.

Municipal Governments Regional or Upper Tier Municipalities A county or regional government is a federation of the local municipalities within its boundaries. Districts are like counties or regions in that the local municipalities are contained within them. They do not serve any municipal government purpose. The head of a county council is called a Warden. The county council is composed of designated elected members from the lower tier municipalities.

Municipal Government Responsibilities include: Water Sewage Waste collection Public transit Land use planning Libraries Emergency services Animal control Economic development

Nova Scotia Government The Nova Scotia Legislature, consists of the Lieutenant Governor and the House of Assembly, is the legislative branch of the provincial Government of Nova Scotia, Canada. Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia: The Honourable John James Grant Premier of Nova Scotia: - Darrell Dexter Mayor of Halifax: Michael Savage http://nslegislature.ca/index.php/people /cabinet/

http://www.craigmarlatt.com/canada/government/federal.html