Aim: How are rocks classified? Do Now: In your notes answer the following questions. 1)What do you think rocks are made of? 2)How do you think scientists.

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Aim: How are rocks classified? Do Now: In your notes answer the following questions. 1)What do you think rocks are made of? 2)How do you think scientists classify rocks? 3)Can you think of any situation in which you have used rocks in your daily life?

Rocks are made of one or more common minerals. - rocks made of one mineral are monominerallic Rocks are classified based on their origin (how they are made). There are 3 common types of rocks: 1)Igneous 2)Sedimentary 3)Metamorphic

I. Igneous Rock: Igneous means “fire” come from magma or lava (hot material) that crystallizes into rock. - Magma is found below the crust (Inside the Earth) - Lava is found on top of the crust (Outside the Earth)

II. Environment of Formation A. Intrusive (plutonic) – magma cools/hardens beneath Earth’s surface slowly. Granite cooling slowly allows the minerals to grow into large crystals in the rock causing a coarse texture.

B. Extrusive (volcanic) – lava cools/hardens above the Earth’s surface quickly. cooling quickly stops the minerals from growing in the rock and creates fine, glassy and vesicular textures. Rhyolite

III. Textures - Coarse (large) crystals - Fine (small) crystals - Glassy (no crystals) - Vesicular (gas pockets) Pumice Obsidian Rhyolite Granite

IV. Other Characteristics Color is described as light or dark Density is described as high or low Composition is described as: - Mafic: containing Iron (Fe) and Magnesium (Mg) - Felsic: containing Silicon (Si) and Aluminum (Al)