1 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated.

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Presentation transcript:

1 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

2 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 O2O2 Simple Diffusion

4 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

Na + Facilitated Diffusion (Channels)

6 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

Na + ligand Na + Ligand (Chemically) – Gated Channels

8 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

Ca Normal Cell Membrane Potential

Ca Voltage-Gated Channels

11 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

Na + Chemical Gradient

Electrical Gradient Initial: 5 + charges

Na + Electro-Chemical Gradient - - Cl - Initial: 5 Na + 2 Cl -2

15 The Bottom Line on Gradients ions will travel DOWN their electrochemical gradients until in chemical AND electrical equilibrium

16 Back to Biochemistry… diffusion (passive, through PLBL) facilitative diffusion (passive, through channels) channels come in several flavors: ligand-gated voltage-gated more about gradients… pumps (active)

Cl - Pumps Cl - ATP