1. Presented by Megan Reid REFLEXOLOGY

2. What is Reflexology? Complimentary touch therapy that involves the application of pressure to specific points and areas – Feet (most common) – Hands – Ears

3. Theory Ten equal zones run the length of the body vertically Application of pressure to these points  Beneficial effect on corresponding organs, bones, and body systems  Beneficial effect on general health Congestion in any part effects entire zone May manifest as calcium or acid deposits

4. Foot Chart

5. Hand Chart

6. Ear Chart

7. Reflexology vs. Massage Similar to massage – Both therapeutic touch applied by hands Key differences – Small muscle movements applied – More specific – Pressure is applied in order to stimulate targeted organs

8. Purposes Relaxation – Homeostasis Stimulates proprioceptive reflexes – Endocrine, immune, neuropeptide systems

9. In Current Practice Emphasize benefits – Stress relief – Increased feelings of well being Some argue that specific diagnosis and symptoms can be treated – Little evidence to support

10. Evidence Mixed Results – Nursing home residents with mild-to-moderate dementia Decline in pain Decline in physiological distress (salivary alpha-amylase) Borderline improvements in sadness – Hospitalized cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy Average decrease of 7.9 points on state-anxiety scale in treatment group; 0.8 points in control group – Systematic review of five studies Only one study had significant treatment effect

11. Indications/Contraindicati ons Improves: – Pain (acute and chronic), anxiety, BP, pulse, temp, hormone levels, circulation, breathing, elimination, relaxation, detoxification, healing, immune system, sleep, and wound healing Caution in: – Fever, phlebitis, severe idiopathic pain, skin eruptions or rashes, enlarged varicose veins, burns, infections, recent sx, and acute conditions

12. Incorporation into Advanced Nursing Practice Not reimbursed Most healthcare staff not qualified Will require individual self-motivation May provide piece of mind, relaxation, and pleasure  health related benefits Currently, no specific medically indicated conditions

13. Incorporation into Advanced Nursing Practice Recommend to patients for same reason they seek it on their own – Conventional medicine lacking or ineffective May only provide relaxation Although not necessarily a proven science, but a way for individuals to empower themselves in the management of their illness Final result desired may not be evidence of efficacy

14. References Dossey, B. M., & Keegan, L. (2009). Holistic nursing: A handbook for practice (5 th ed.). Sadbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Hodgson, N., & Andersen, S. (2008). The clinical efficacy of reflexology in nursing home residents with dementia. Journal Of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 14(3), 269-275. doi:10.1089/acm.2007.0577 Quattrin, R., Zanini, A., Buchini, S., Turello, D., Annunziata, M., Vidotti, C., Colombatti, A., & Brusaferro, S. (2006). Use of reflexology foot massage to reduce anxiety in hospitalized cancer patients in chemotherapy treatment: methodology and outcomes. Journal Of Nursing Management, 14(2), 96-105. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2934.2006.00557.x Teagarden, K. (2011). Reflexology. Center for Spirituality & Healing and the Life Science Foundation, University of Minnesota. Williams, A. M., Davies, A., & Griffiths, G. (2009). Facilitating comfort for hospitalized patients using non-pharmacological measures: Preliminary development of clinical practice guidelines. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2009, 15, 145-155. doi:10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01739.x