1. Fragments are not Your Friends! Why bad Fragments happen to good people…(just ask your cell phone provider).

2. Definition of Fragment Unlike a sentence, which contains a subject & verb that expresses a complete thought, a fragment DOES NOT contain a complete thought: After the semester is over in May. The semester is over in May.

3. There are FOUR causes of Fragments:

4. 1. Phrases Definition: a group of words that lacks a subject, verb or both. by the table  near the corner before the concert after my last class (Prepostional phrases (WR: B3-a) begin with a preposition and end with a noun.)

5. Other types of Phrases cause Fragments as well (see WR: B3-B). Taking the FEE at Bakersfield College. (Gerund) To spend another semester in English 50. (Infinitive) Written in less than an hour. ( Participial)

6. 2. Dependent Clauses Definition: a group of words that contains a subject & verb but CANNOT stand alone. After I drove to school. Since my classes start in the morning. Because I was working all weekend. (Dep. Clauses usually have a subordinating conjunction in front of the S/V. (WR: G5- a)

7. 3. A List Definition: A list contains information but has no subject, verb, or complete thought. Coffee, milk, bread, pop tarts, & Heineken  Working two jobs, taking fifteen units, volunteering, and coaching a soccer team.

8. 4. FANBOYS without S/V Definition: Using a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) at the beginning of a sentence WITHOUT a subject & verb after it. And driving two hours every each day. But started at 8:00 a.m. True or False: You never can start a sentence with And or But.

9. FALSE! RULE: You can always start a sentence with one of the FANBOYS as long as a subject and verb follows it: And he was driving two hours each day. But the class started at 8:00 a.m.

10. Fixing Fragments 1. Add a subject, verb or both: By the door = I walked by the door. 2. Make Frag. a sentence (by deleting the word causing an incomplete thought). Although I enjoyed taking the FEE. I enjoyed taking the FEE. 3. Connect Frag to rest of sentence: She took the FEE. Yet had no fear. She took the FEE yet had no fear.