1. Kelvin Asia Pacific United Nations style debates & role play: Resolutions ✦ Income Inequality ✦ Combatting extremism, radicalization and fundamentalism ✦ Gender Inequality in Asia ✦ Managing Climate Crises and Eco-refugees ✦ Reducing Nepotism & Corruption in Government ✦ Income Inequality ✦ Combatting extremism, radicalization and fundamentalism ✦ Gender Inequality in Asia ✦ Managing Climate Crises and Eco-refugees ✦ Reducing Nepotism & Corruption in Government

2. Reminders when analyzing resolutions…  Understand the SPIRIT of the debate topic: o What are the main challenges that are typically debated? o What are the main problems to be resolved or obstacles to be overcome?  Examine carefully the WORDING of the resolution: o It is deliberately designed to PROVOKE debate! o What is implied? o What is left out? o What terms need to be defined?  Understand the SPIRIT of the debate topic: o What are the main challenges that are typically debated? o What are the main problems to be resolved or obstacles to be overcome?  Examine carefully the WORDING of the resolution: o It is deliberately designed to PROVOKE debate! o What is implied? o What is left out? o What terms need to be defined?  Bonus Opportunities: o Visit the Model United Nations website to learn how to draft Preamble clauses to ONE resolution of your choice at: http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm o Visit the Model United Nations website to learn how to draft ONE COMPLETE 6th resolution (i.e. preamble and operative clauses) of your choice at: http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm  Bonus Opportunities: o Visit the Model United Nations website to learn how to draft Preamble clauses to ONE resolution of your choice at: http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm o Visit the Model United Nations website to learn how to draft ONE COMPLETE 6th resolution (i.e. preamble and operative clauses) of your choice at: http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm http://web.utk.edu/~modelun/re solutions.htm

3. Resolution 16-01: Reducing Income Inequality “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by Japan, seconded by Republic of Korea the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by Japan, seconded by Republic of Korea the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference  Authorizes all members to reform their income tax systems so that all those individuals and private enterprises earning incomes (or, in the case of companies, profits) of more than $250,000 a year be taxed at a rate of 50%  Calls upon states to ensure a minimum monthly wage of $250 (US) per month for those working at least 48 hours a week  Authorizes all members to reform their income tax systems so that all those individuals and private enterprises earning incomes (or, in the case of companies, profits) of more than $250,000 a year be taxed at a rate of 50%  Calls upon states to ensure a minimum monthly wage of $250 (US) per month for those working at least 48 hours a week

4. Resolution on Reducing Income Inequality: Resources Japan among top 10 countries with highest tax rates: http://financesonline.com/top-ten-countries-with- highest-tax-rates/ http://financesonline.com/top-ten-countries-with- highest-tax-rates/ Why inequality matters: http://www.ethicsandinternationalaffairs.org/2014/eliminating-extreme- inequality-a-sustainable-development-goal-2015-2030/ http://www.ethicsandinternationalaffairs.org/2014/eliminating-extreme- inequality-a-sustainable-development-goal-2015-2030/ Most generous minimum wages in Asia: https://fortunehub.net/2015/08/03/9-countries-paying-the-highest- minimum-wages-in-asia/ Japan among top 10 countries with highest tax rates: http://financesonline.com/top-ten-countries-with- highest-tax-rates/ http://financesonline.com/top-ten-countries-with- highest-tax-rates/ Why inequality matters: http://www.ethicsandinternationalaffairs.org/2014/eliminating-extreme- inequality-a-sustainable-development-goal-2015-2030/ http://www.ethicsandinternationalaffairs.org/2014/eliminating-extreme- inequality-a-sustainable-development-goal-2015-2030/ Most generous minimum wages in Asia: https://fortunehub.net/2015/08/03/9-countries-paying-the-highest- minimum-wages-in-asia/ Research Suggestions: ✓ Find out tax rates in the country you are representing ✓ Learn the number of hours in average work week in the country you are representing, as well as the ‘minimum’ number required to be considered ‘full time’

5. Resolution 16-02: Reducing Extremism & Radicalization “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by Tajikistan, seconded by People’s Republic of China the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference… “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by Tajikistan, seconded by People’s Republic of China the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference…  Recommends that member states create a government-approved registry of all children under age 18 attending public prayers and/or religious classes  Further implores member states to put in place government surveillance (through webcams and other forms of monitoring) of sermons and teachings in public places of worship, to ensure content that is safe for the public good  Deplores the use by political parties of exclusive religious symbols or terminology in their publications (including name of party and policy statements) either to promote or denigrate a particular religion  Recommends that member states create a government-approved registry of all children under age 18 attending public prayers and/or religious classes  Further implores member states to put in place government surveillance (through webcams and other forms of monitoring) of sermons and teachings in public places of worship, to ensure content that is safe for the public good  Deplores the use by political parties of exclusive religious symbols or terminology in their publications (including name of party and policy statements) either to promote or denigrate a particular religion

6. Resolution on Reducing Extremism & Radicalization : Resources Tajik government shaves 13 000 beards under new law: http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/01/tajikistan-shaves- 13000-men-beards-radicalism-160120133352747.html Tajikistan’s new anti- fundamentalist law: http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/nov/11/tajiks- bristle-over-anti-fundamentalism-efforts/?page=all http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/nov/11/tajiks- bristle-over-anti-fundamentalism-efforts/?page=all Tajik government shaves 13 000 beards under new law: http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/01/tajikistan-shaves- 13000-men-beards-radicalism-160120133352747.html Tajikistan’s new anti- fundamentalist law: http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/nov/11/tajiks- bristle-over-anti-fundamentalism-efforts/?page=all http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/nov/11/tajiks- bristle-over-anti-fundamentalism-efforts/?page=all Research Suggestions: ✓ Find out the cost of any government “registry” (for marriage or guns or other items controlled by your government) ✓ Find out about laws governing surveillance and privacy in the country you are representing ✓ Learn what laws the government in the country you are representing has on religious symbols

7. Resolution 16-03: Addressing the Gender Gap “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by the State of Kuwait, seconded by Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by the State of Kuwait, seconded by Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference  Endorses the empowerment of the Judiciary Branch of member governments to preserve the integrity of women’s roles  Implores member nations to ensure that measures encouraging women’s right to equal educational and employment opportunities not detract from members’ national sovereignty in matters of freedom of religion  Authorizes member states to require member governments to conduct studies measuring and analyzing women’s perceptions of and definitions of “gender equality” within each member state, in order to formulate a “home-made”, regionally appropriate definition of gender equality  Endorses the empowerment of the Judiciary Branch of member governments to preserve the integrity of women’s roles  Implores member nations to ensure that measures encouraging women’s right to equal educational and employment opportunities not detract from members’ national sovereignty in matters of freedom of religion  Authorizes member states to require member governments to conduct studies measuring and analyzing women’s perceptions of and definitions of “gender equality” within each member state, in order to formulate a “home-made”, regionally appropriate definition of gender equality

8. Resolution on Addressing the Gender Gap: RESOURCES Statement by Kuwait on Status of Women: http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing15/general_discussion/KUWAI T.pdf http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing15/general_discussion/KUWAI T.pdf Global Gender Gap (click on 2014 to rank by achievement): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Gender_Gap_Report Gender Inequality in Saudi Arabia: Myth and Reality: http://ipedr.com/vol39/025-ICITE2012-K00003.pdf Kuwait Women’s Forum Fights for Equality: http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/kuwait-womens-forum- fights-for-equality Statement by Kuwait on Status of Women: http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing15/general_discussion/KUWAI T.pdf http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing15/general_discussion/KUWAI T.pdf Global Gender Gap (click on 2014 to rank by achievement): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Gender_Gap_Report Gender Inequality in Saudi Arabia: Myth and Reality: http://ipedr.com/vol39/025-ICITE2012-K00003.pdf Kuwait Women’s Forum Fights for Equality: http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/kuwait-womens-forum- fights-for-equality Research Suggestions: ✓ Find out how judges in the country you are representing are appointed and what proportion of them are women ✓ Learn what religion has the highest number of adherents in the country you are representing, and what restrictions, if any, are placed on the roles of women within that religion; analyze what effect those could have on gender equality in ‘your’ country ✓ Study what kind of research Saudi Arabia undertook in its survey of its citizens’ views on gender equality

9. Resolution 16-04: Mitigating Natural Disasters & Patriating Climate Refugees “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by the Republic of India, seconded by the People’s Republic of China the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference: “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by the Republic of India, seconded by the People’s Republic of China the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference: Recommends all Member States to contribute to a budget for eco-disasters by creating an Asian Ecotax Fund on which member states could draw, according to the scale and severity of the eco-disaster (i.e. number of lives affected and value of property damaged or destroyed) Further recommends that the Asian Ecotax Fund be administered by Member States so as to encourage members to reduce production and sale of CO2 emitting energy sources (such as oil, gas and coal) Solemnly affirms that member countries will ensure that those displaced by eco- disasters remain in their country of origin and that member states be allowed to maintain their sovereignty with respect to immigration laws and quotas Recommends all Member States to contribute to a budget for eco-disasters by creating an Asian Ecotax Fund on which member states could draw, according to the scale and severity of the eco-disaster (i.e. number of lives affected and value of property damaged or destroyed) Further recommends that the Asian Ecotax Fund be administered by Member States so as to encourage members to reduce production and sale of CO2 emitting energy sources (such as oil, gas and coal) Solemnly affirms that member countries will ensure that those displaced by eco- disasters remain in their country of origin and that member states be allowed to maintain their sovereignty with respect to immigration laws and quotas

10. Where will the Climate Refugees Go? : http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/11/climate-refugees- 151125093146088.html http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/11/climate-refugees- 151125093146088.html Global Estimates, 2015: People displaced by Disaster: http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/2015/global-estimates- 2015-people-displaced-by-disasters/ http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/2015/global-estimates- 2015-people-displaced-by-disasters/ Fossil Fuel Exporters: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel_exporters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel_exporters Where will the Climate Refugees Go? : http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/11/climate-refugees- 151125093146088.html http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/11/climate-refugees- 151125093146088.html Global Estimates, 2015: People displaced by Disaster: http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/2015/global-estimates- 2015-people-displaced-by-disasters/ http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/2015/global-estimates- 2015-people-displaced-by-disasters/ Fossil Fuel Exporters: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel_exporters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel_exporters Research Suggestions: ✓ Who would be obliged to contribute the most to the new “Asian Ecotax Fund”? How does your country rank in terms of marketing CO2 emitting energy supplies? ✓ Has the country you are representing had to welcome eco-refugees in order to save them? From where? At what cost? ✓ Have your country’s citizens been obliged to flee to a neighbouring country because of a natural disaster? ✓ Is it even possible to stop your citizens from leaving your country? Does your government want to be rid of them? ✓ What are the implications for your support of the 3rd clause in the resolution? Resolution on Climate Refugees and Mitigating Natural Disasters: RESOURCES

11. Resolution 16-05 : Reducing Graft & Nepotism “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by the Republic of Korea, seconded by the Sultanate of Brunei the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference “Whereas” clauses: to be drafted by Country Delegates seeking to earn bonus marks (due by March 3 rd ) Moved by the Republic of Korea, seconded by the Sultanate of Brunei the 2016 Asia Pacific Conference  Declares the imposition of a punishment of imprisonment not to exceed three years, or a fine of up to five times the amount accepted, on persons working on behalf of the public* convicted of accepting money or monetary equivalent valued at more than US$500 from a member of the public outside of official government fees regardless of whether such compensation was in exchange for favors or related to the person’s work. *defined as all government employees, teachers (in public and private schools) and journalists  Further calls for the establishment of a Corruption Eradication Committee made up of three trustworthy individuals appointed by the Leader of Government or Head of State, responsible for investigating, charging and prosecuting nepotism and corruption  Authorizes the Corruption Eradication Committee to intercept communications, examine bank and tax records, freeze assets, and arrest and prosecute suspects  Declares the imposition of a punishment of imprisonment not to exceed three years, or a fine of up to five times the amount accepted, on persons working on behalf of the public* convicted of accepting money or monetary equivalent valued at more than US$500 from a member of the public outside of official government fees regardless of whether such compensation was in exchange for favors or related to the person’s work. *defined as all government employees, teachers (in public and private schools) and journalists  Further calls for the establishment of a Corruption Eradication Committee made up of three trustworthy individuals appointed by the Leader of Government or Head of State, responsible for investigating, charging and prosecuting nepotism and corruption  Authorizes the Corruption Eradication Committee to intercept communications, examine bank and tax records, freeze assets, and arrest and prosecute suspects

12. Advantages and Disadvantages of Nepotism: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Nepotism.aspx http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Nepotism.aspx the “most corrupt” countries in 2010: http://www.forbes.com/2010/11/01/most-currupt-countries-2010- business-beltway-currupt-countries.html http://www.forbes.com/2010/11/01/most-currupt-countries-2010- business-beltway-currupt-countries.html...and in 2013: http://www.insidermonkey.com/blog/10-most- corrupt-countries-2013-list-321779/http://www.insidermonkey.com/blog/10-most- corrupt-countries-2013-list-321779/ corruption perceptions index 2015: http://www.transparency.org/cpi2015 http://www.transparency.org/cpi2015 Brunei and corruption: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/brunei/corruption-rank http://www.tradingeconomics.com/brunei/corruption-rank Controversial Anti-Corruption Law in South Korea: http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign- news/article/south-korea-controversial-anti-corruption-law-promulgated/ http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign- news/article/south-korea-controversial-anti-corruption-law-promulgated/ Anti-Corruption Commission in Indonesia: https://news.riskadvisory.net/2013/24/indonesias-anti- corruption-agency-a-model-for-other-asia-pacific-countries/ Advantages and Disadvantages of Nepotism: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Nepotism.aspx http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Nepotism.aspx the “most corrupt” countries in 2010: http://www.forbes.com/2010/11/01/most-currupt-countries-2010- business-beltway-currupt-countries.html http://www.forbes.com/2010/11/01/most-currupt-countries-2010- business-beltway-currupt-countries.html...and in 2013: http://www.insidermonkey.com/blog/10-most- corrupt-countries-2013-list-321779/http://www.insidermonkey.com/blog/10-most- corrupt-countries-2013-list-321779/ corruption perceptions index 2015: http://www.transparency.org/cpi2015 http://www.transparency.org/cpi2015 Brunei and corruption: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/brunei/corruption-rank http://www.tradingeconomics.com/brunei/corruption-rank Controversial Anti-Corruption Law in South Korea: http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign- news/article/south-korea-controversial-anti-corruption-law-promulgated/ http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign- news/article/south-korea-controversial-anti-corruption-law-promulgated/ Anti-Corruption Commission in Indonesia: https://news.riskadvisory.net/2013/24/indonesias-anti- corruption-agency-a-model-for-other-asia-pacific-countries/ Research Suggestions: ✓ Where does ‘your’ country stand in the 2015 rankings? ✓ How could you critique Transparency International and its method of ranking countries’ levels of corruption? ✓ How free are journalists in the country you represent? ✓ How much power should be given to government agencies to conduct surveillance of government employees? Resolution on Graft & Nepotism: RESOURCES