1. “The ability to follow directions is a mark of superior intelligence.“ - Carolyn Da Cunha PAF 101 Module 2, Lecture 7

3. Class Agenda Announcements Bill Gates Assignment

4. Dale Carnegie Fireside Chat Featuring Hannah

5. Competition Points As of 2/22/2016 Winners Losers Group #Points 215 8 1415 1815 12 1512 711 9 10 6 169 108 18 48 178 37 137 57

6. Exercise 2.6 When stating your societal problem, make sure to use: Too little Too much Too low Too high

7. Things You Won’t Learn in School Rule 1: Life is not fair - get used to it! Rule 2: The world doesn't care about your self-esteem. The world will expect you to accomplish something BEFORE you feel good about yourself. Rule 3: You will NOT make $100,000 a year right out of college. You won't be a vice-president until you earn it.

8. Things You Won’t Learn in School Rule 4: If you think your professors are tough, wait till you get a boss. Rule 5: Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your Grandparents had a different word for burger flipping: they called it opportunity.

9. Bill Gates is an Elitist Working hard is important but not the only solution Gates money in education is focused on making everyone a college graduates He never graduated college

11. College Board Study Study entitled Education Pays 2013 states “both individuals and society as a whole benefit from increased levels of education. What is the College Board?

12. More on the College Board In 2012, the CEO of College Board retired, making $1,848,009 that year! Total Revenue in 2013 = $779,465,000 Total Expenses in 2013 = $726,774,000 Total “profit” = $52,691,000 SOURCE: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2014/10/24/higher-ed-trade-group-presidents- make-more-many-college-presidents & http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/membership/national-2013/forum-agenda- 13b7353.pdf, p. 6

13. Despite the propaganda There is both good news and bad news about higher education.

14. Good News Education Pays

15. Good News for Society Higher levels of volunteer work, blood donations, voting Openness to others’ opinions Healthier, off of welfare

16. Bad News 69% of graduates have debt (2014). Average debt is $28,950 (2014), up 2% more than what graduates owed in 2013. No break in rising college costs even though slowing down

17. Average Tuition from 1995- 2015 Source: http://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/paying-for-college/articles/2015/07/29/chart-see-20-years-of-tuition-growth- at-national-universities

18. College As An Investment 35% of students graduate in four years and 59% in six years. It might make more sense to put money in a mutual fund. It’s very risky especially as the price goes up. $50,000 in debt means $500 a MONTH for 10 Years

19. Really Bad News Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2010.

20. Social and Economic Downside Bad News

21. Students think they are more prepared than employers do

22. Lack of Job Preparation There is widespread belief that colleges do very little to prepare students to be constructive citizens of society. “90% of college graduates reported that their degree was useful in getting a job but did not prepare them with the necessary skills to succeed in the workplace” (Chronicle of Higher Education, October 15, 2004). 64% of (employed) college graduates say that they have the skills to advance in their company (Hart Research Associates, 2014). 64% of employers say that college graduates do not have the skills to advance in their company. (Hart Research Associates, 2014). Bad News

23. What does this mean? “Too many people are going to college…for most America’s young people, today’s college is a punishing anachronism.” Charles Murray

24. America’s Reality “We have set up a standard known as the B.A., stripped it of its traditional content, and made it an artificial job qualification. Then we stigmatize everyone that doesn’t get one.” Charles Murray

25. How Many 25 & Older Have Bachelors Degrees (2014) 29.3% Source: http://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/0

26. For You—This is Reality “A college degree and a dollar will get you four quarters.” Bill Coplin in 10 Things Employers Want You to Learn in College

27. Reduce the Riskiness of College Figure out X A College Degree + X = Career Success

28. Graduate School May Suck Too Unless required for job (e.g., Doctors and Lawyers but Law School Sucks) Unless you have at least 2 years experience after college Unless the program you take has high job placement that you can verify Universities are in business and you are the sales target.

29. Enough About You What does it mean for America? Is subsidizing college good public policy like the College Board claims?

30. A Public Policy Investment Does it create economic growth? How much personal and public debt does it increase? What does it do for the poor?

31. Why So Much Support for College? The middle and upper middle class want it that way. In the name of helping all, we create four years of summer camp It’s a subsidy that just keeps getting votes

32. Federal Policy Proposals to Make Higher Education Work for the Public Good –Ex. 6.2 1. Direct financial aid for students to where there are job shortages 2. Require Accountability for Learning Outcomes 3. Provide grants to colleges that give credit for internships and jobs One more policy…

33. Policy proposal at the federal, and state levels… All Higher Education Sales Material—Print or Electronic Must Have the Following Warning: Disclaimer: The outcomes described in these materials illustrate past student achievements and are not guaranteed for current and future students.

34. Assumptions for New Policies For you: College should be primarily for developing skills, character and career exploration For public policy: Federal spending on college should be about workforce preparation

35. John Dau One of the Lost Boys of Sudan Syracuse University Alumnus Former PAF 101 Student Helped establish the Sudanese Lost Boys Foundation of Central New York A Founder of the American Care for Sudan Foundation President of the John Dau Foundation

36. For Next Class Finish the first draft of Module 2 by Wednesday Module 2 due Friday at 12:45 Be prepared to ask John Dau questions TA’s will not answer emails about the module after 12:45 Thursday, but will help in office hours