1. Headlines Journalism Mr. Dudek

2. Headlines Rules

3. Telegraphic Style All extra words are trimmed. Articles like a, an and the are left out. Principal wins Nobel Prize

4. Verb Tense Written in the present tense to give readers a feeling of immediacy: Eagles win State Championship

5. Verb Tense Headlines about future events are written with infinitives to indicate future tense: 145 Seniors to Graduate Sunday

6. Verb Avoid parts of the verb to be, such as is, are… Use lively, active verbs 15 Seniors are Chosen 15 Seniors Chosen

7. Punctuation A comma is used in place of the word and Smith, Jones win scholarships

8. Punctuation Exclamation points are rarely used. Periods are never used, except in abbreviations. Semicolons are used in places where a period would be expected. President announces budget; Congress to vote

9. Punctuation Quotations should be placed within single quotes Dudek says ‘I quit’

10. Punctuation Colons can be used to show what a person or organization said Dudek: ‘I quit’ CPS Report: Graduation rates increase

11. Style Avoid splitting an infinitive. Congress to vote Sunday

12. Style Avoid splitting names Jim Smith, John Doe win election

13. Style Avoid ending a line with a preposition Martin critical of America’s laws

14. Style Avoid repeating a word Student Council to discuss student rights

15. Headlines Styles

16. Basic This is the Headline

17. Hammerhead Big on top, small on bottom is one style

18. Kicker This is the kicker, or overline Main Headline is here

19. Wicket The introductory paragraph, which may run several lines long and offer enticing facts – even quotes, leads the reader natural to the Main Headline

20. Read Out Get Their Attention You can expand on the attention grabber here, using just about as many words as you need the reader to get really interested.