1. By the end of this presentation, you will know:
The four different types of bone
What the axial and appendicular skeletons are and the major bones in each
What the pectoral and pelvic girdles are

2. There are 206 bones in your body
Bones are different shapes and sizes to allow for different kinds of protection and movement.

3. Bones are grouped into four different types, based on their shapes
A long bone is longer than it is wide and has areas of bone growth on the ends.
Short bones are shaped like blocks.
What are some bones that you think would be considered long bones?
Carpals
Hand (posterior view)
Femur (anterior view)

4. Flat bones protect tissues and organs
Your sternum and ribs are flat bones that protect your heart and lungs.
Rib cage (anterior view)

5. Irregular bones don’t fit into other shape categories
Irregular bones often have a specialized function.
Mandible (anterior view)
What specialized functions does your mandible, or jawbone, have? What kinds of movements do you need your mandible to make? How many directions can you move your jaw in?
Vertebrae (lateral view)

6. Have you broken a bone? If yes, what happened?
Have you seen an x-ray? If yes, how?
Do you know anyone with scoliosis?
Have you ever touched a human bone?
What are some of the bones you know?

8. Do Now Questions: How do we know if a bone is considered a long bone?
What is the function of the flat bones?
Where are the only two places we can find short bones?
Name two irregular bones.

9. Question 1:
Which type of bone are the pelvis, vertebrae, and mandible?
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone

10. Question 2:
Which type of bone are the femur, humerus, and tibia?
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone

11. Question 3:
Which type of bone are the rib cage, scapula, and sternum?
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone

12. Question 4:
Which type of bone are the carpals and tarsals?
Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone

13. Question 5:
Identify this bone.
Ulna
Femur
Radius
Humerus

14. Question 6:
Identify this bone.
Ulna
Femur
Radius
Humerus

15. Question 7:
Identify this bone.
Pelvis
Vertebrae
Femur
Humerus

16. Question 8:
Identify this bone.
Metacarpals
Vertebrae
Carpals
Patella

17. Question 9:
Identify this bone.
Metacarpals
Vertebrae
Carpals
Patella

18. Question 10:
Identify this bone.
Sternum
Vertebrae
Carpals
Patella

19. The axial skeleton makes up the center of the body
The bones of the axial skeleton run along the main vertical axis of the body. They hold you upright and protect your vital organs.
Which bones in your axial skeleton are immobile, or only move when neighboring bones move? What is the advantage of these bones not being able to move on their own?

20. The appendicular skeleton includes your arms and legs
Your arms and legs are appendages. They give you a way to move, and a way to move and change things in your environment.
What appendages does a dog have? A bird? A fish?

21. Girdles are where the appendicular and axial skeletons come together
You arms meet your axial skeleton at the pectoral girdle.
Your legs meet your axial skeleton at the pelvic girdle.
What do we call the place where two bones meet?

22. Find the major bones of the axial skeleton
Can you locate these bones on your own body?

23. Bones of the arm and hand move in a variety of ways
How many phalanges do you have on each hand? Both hands together?

24. The bones of the leg and foot are similar to those of the arm and hand
What similarities do you see between the structure of your arms and legs? Your hands and feet?