1. Cloud Science Goals for SEAC 4 RS Knowledge of Cirrus Microphysical Composition (IWC, N i (r), habit) => Basic knowledge/models & remote sensing Spatial structure, especially in vertical Associated radiative properties Aged and fresh cirrus anvils GV is primary in-situ platform due to cloud height highly desired => K a /K u band radar (DC-8 zenith K u ) coordination required with ER-2 A-Train underflights whenever possible (W-Band, CALIOPI, MODIS) MTSAT data is critical, rapid scan highly desired

2. Cloud Science Goals for SEAC 4 RS Knowledge of Cirrus Microphysical Composition (IWC, N i (r), habit)  Basic knowledge/models & remote sensing Aged and fresh cirrus anvils – flight strategies Short legs better than long legs (maybe 40-50 km?...discuss) Multiple altitudes for in-situ at ~2 kft deltas Level legs most desirable, but ramps and slow spiral descents can work for in-situ, though this compromises radiative/remote sensing => 3-4 hour blocks => porpoising maneuvers okay for in-situ, but not ER-2 * How close can we approach convective cell? 20 na. mi.? Cross-flow is easier, but much less valuable. * Avoid freezing level (lightning) – 6-7 km. How well will we know about electrical activity?

3. Cloud Science Goals for SEAC 4 RS Knowledge of Cirrus Microphysical Composition (IWC, N i (r), habit)  Basic knowledge/models & remote sensing Deep stratiform anvils (precipitating) same as above - limit to above freezing level avoid strong turbulence Do we seek isolated cells/lines, or do we venture into disturbed conditions? Significant concerns about quality and usability of radar support from in- region operational radars => almost exclusive reliance on geo-satellite. Freshness & frequency of geo data will be challenging.

4. Cloud Science Goals for SEAC 4 RS Knowledge of Cirrus Microphysical Composition (IWC, N i (r), habit)  Basic knowledge/models & remote sensing TTL Cirrus in-situ may not be possible Key questions (1) remote sensing of aerosol below TTL cirrus (2) in-cloud radiative heating profile ER-2: level flight legs above and below cloud DC-8: coordinated with ER-2 (up-looking lasers) How do we know it is there?

5. Cloud Science Goals for SEAC 4 RS Aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation Very skeptical that we can do more than what is described above for aged and fresh cirrus and stratiform anvils as regards effects on upper troposphere, e.g., smaller and more numerous ice crystals => denser anvils, smaller precipitation rate in stratiform region Key to attribution: Acquire good MBL and lower tropospheric aerosol measurements in vicinity of deep convection. How many cases? Strong reliance on satellite observations

6. Cloud Science Goals for SEAC 4 RS Aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation What can we safely do? => measure the primary aerosol-cloud interaction in young convection, i.e., before cloud top passes the freezing level (cumulus to cumulus congestus stage). measurements in MBL (DC-8 or GV) in-cloud measurements just above cloud base (DC-8 or GV) in-cloud measurements a few 1000’s of feet above cloud base (GV) in-cloud measurements near cloud top before hits freezing level (GV) coordinate with multiple overpasses of DC-8 above cloud top (DC-8)  Take advantage of scanning K u and K a radars  Must be in-field call, i.e., organized & coordinated from DC-8