1. - Asthma - Diabetes - Epilepsy FQ2 SPORTS MEDICINE AND THE DEMANDS OF SPECIFIC ATHLETES CHILDREN & YOUNG ATHLETE

2.  Have special needs of which sports medicine practitioners need to be aware.  Most important issues  Asthma, Diabetes, Epilepsy  Management of overuse injuries  Thermoregulation (providing advice)  Resistance training programs (giving guidance) CHILDREN AND YOUNG ATHLETES

3.  Asthma  Diabetes  Epilepsy MEDICAL CONDITIONS: CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE

4.  Asthma: is a condition characterised by breathing difficulty where there is a reduction in the width of the airways leading to the lungs, resulting in less air being available to them. ASTHMA

5.  Activity can provoke an asthma attack, this is known as EIA.  EIA: Exercise Induced Asthma  During this condition the airways are dilated during the physical activity but constrict immediately once activity ceases, leading to an asthma attack  Some activities provoke more asthma attacks than others  Running: significant risk  Cycling: some risk  Swimming: little risk

6.  Exercise is of more benefit to asthmatics than no exercise at all  Swimming is preferred, as the warm, moist environment is less likely to cause an attack. Exhaling of air into water also improves lung function.  The following measures help work with and possible control their asthma:  Activity preceded by controlled breathing and relaxation exercises  Use a gradual warm-up and conclude with a leisurely warm-down  Exercise intensity needs to be steady  If medication is required, it is essential to use it before exercise  Adequate water must be consumed  If attacks are triggered by environment factors, remove the athlete from that environment. MANAGING ASTHMA

7. FIRST AID If first aid is required, follow the directions outlined by the National Asthma Council in the chart ‘First Aid for Asthma’

8.  There are two types 1.Type I: diabetes is caused by the body’s inability to produce insulin or use it efficiently 1.Type II: is caused by the body’s inability to produce sufficient insulin or use it efficiently Insulin: produced in the pancreas and is important in the metabolism of carbohydrates DIABETES

9. QUESTION TIME  Explain Type I Diabetes  What does the body have a hard time doing if it has Type II diabetes?  What does the pancreas produce and what is this products function?

10.  Exercise is of considerable assistance when managing diabetes.  The diabetic athlete must balance insulin by way of:  Injection  Food intake: well balanced, with with complex carbohydrate as the foundation  Exercise: require pre-game meal and hourly glucose supplementation (eg. Banana) if exercise continues for an hour or more. If their physical performance is to be optimal MANAGING DIABETES

11.  Should not prohibit people from becoming involved in sport or activity  Each individual should be assessed and guided by their doctor.  Contact sport should be avoided if seizures occur on a daily or weekly basis.  Other players, parents or supervisors should be present and know what to do if a seizure occurs.  Sports such as swimming alone, scuba diving and rock climbing must be completely avoided, could lead to serious injury or death. EPILEPSY

12.  Define asthma.  Identify and explain one sport/activity that would benefit a person who suffers from asthma  How may sport benefit people with epilepsy  List six sports that need careful consideration for people who have difficulty with seizure control.  What advice should be given to people who experience epilepsy?