1. 310482 : Graphics Programming Seree Chinodom seree@buu.ac.th http://www.compsci.buu.ac.th/~ser ee/lecture/310482

2. Introduction to Computer Graphics  Simple Definition:  ทุกอย่างที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการนำ คอมพิวเตอร์มาใช้ในการสร้างรูปภาพ ต่าง ๆ ( การออกแบบ Hardware, Software ที่ใช้, Algorithm ต่างๆ, Application)  Representative Uses of Computer Graphics  User interfaces Mac, Windows (TM) เป็นต้น  Simulation  Design  Display of information

3. จุดมุ่งหมายของวิชานี้  ปูพื้นฐานอย่าง กว้างๆ ของ Computer Graphics และ Graphic Programming  เข้าใจถึงเทคนิคต่างๆ ที่นำกระบวนการ ทางคณิตศาสตร์มาใช้งาน  เข้าใจถึงกระบวนการสร้างภาพ 2 และ 3 มิติ

4. What is Computer Graphics?  Tools for creating pictures on a computer  Tools for interacting with those pictures  Hardware for drawing those pictures faster  Displays for showing those pictures bigger,brighter  Algorithms for simulating physical phenomena  Tools for visualization of complex mathematics

5. Graphics Primitives  Drawing primitives  Points, lines, circles, arcs, curves, polygons  Scene primitives  Lights, virtual camera, material descriptions  Lots of drawing primitives form a model of some object  The model plus the scene primitives let us make a picture

6. Primitive Operations  Transformations on drawing primitives  Translate

7. Primitive Operations (Cont.)  Rotate

8. Primitive Operations (Cont.)  Scale

9. A Little About the Course  Course web site:  http://www.compsci.buu.ac.th/~s eree/lecture/310482/  All course materials are available there (slides, assignments, exams, sample code).  5 programming assignments, two exams  Grade: 50% programs, 20% midterm, 30% final  You can write your programs in whatever language/environment you want, but we have to be able to test them!

10. Texts:  Donald Hearn and M. Pauline Baker, Computer Graphics, C Version (required)  Foley, J.D., A. van Dam, S. K. Feiner, et al. (1996). Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice 2nd Edition, Addison Wesley, Reading, MA  OpenGL Programming Guide (optional)  Tcl and Tk (optional)

11. Course Outline  Introduction to computer graphics  Hardware  2D Primitive  Geometric Transformation  Viewing in 3D  Representing Curves and Surface  Solid Modeling  Achromatic and Colored Light  Visible Surface Determination  Illumination and Shading  Advance Techniques  Animation

12. A Short History  1963: Sutherland (MIT)  Sketchpad  Calligraphic display devices  Interactive techniques  Douglas Englebart invents the mouse.  1968: Evans & Sutherland advance 3D graphic at University of Utah  Ed Catmull, Jim Clarh, John Warnock

13. A Short History(cont)  1970: Pierre Bezier develops Bezier curves  1971: Henri Gouraud developed Gouraud Shading  1972: Video game Pong is developed at Atari  1972 2D raster display for PC workstation at Xerox.  1973 First SIGGRAPH conference Attende by 600

14. A Short History(cont)  1974: Ed Catmull introduce texture mapping  His thesis also covered z-buffer and rendering curved surface  Was appointed the director of graphics labs at New York Institute of Technology.  1974:Pong Bui-Toung developed Phong Shading (Utah)  1974 Xerox ParC created ALTO, the first computer to use a WIMP interface  1975 Benoit Mandelbrot published the paper A Theory of Fractal Sets

15.  1976: James Blinn develops bump mapping.  Uses color to draw bumps on surface  1976 Rob Cook developed new lighting models.  1977 Nintendo entered the market.  1980 Film Bol Libre (by Loren Carpentar) was shown at SIGGRAPH.  Computer generates high-speed flight thru rugged mountains; used fractals

16.  1980: Turner Whitted introduces develop new rendering method based on Ray Tracing.  1982 Disney produced Tron (by Steven Lisberger and Donald Kushner)  1982 Jim Clark founded Silicon Graphics Inc.  Introduce IRIS 1000 the following year.  1982 Sun microsystem, Autodesk and Adobe System were also founded.

17.  1982 Tom Brigham develop morphing.  A video sequence showing a woman distort and transform herself into the shape of lynx.  1983 First paper on motion blur in computer generated images.  1983 Jaron Lanier developed the Data Glove at Atari.  1984 Raduosity method was deceloped at Cornell University by Cindy Goral, Ken Torrance, Don Greenberg and Ben Battaile.

18.  1985 Ken Shoemake introduced the use of quaternions in animation.  1985 Adobe System introduced Postscript.  1986 Pixar was founfed.  1988 Renderman, a standard for describing 3D scencs was created.  Most of the tecnicial details by Pat Hanrahan.

19.  1989 Tin Toy and The Abyss were released.  1990 Autodesk introdoced 3D studio.  1991Terminator 2 was released.  1992 Wavelets were used for radiosity.  1994 Indrustrial Ligh and Magic won an Osca for its special-effects work on Jurassic Park

20.  1994 Netscape Communications was founded.  1994 Sun microsystem introduced Java.  1997 SIGGRAPH’97 had > 48,000 attendeed.  1998 Ants and A Bug’s Life were released.

21. The Basics  This course is about:  Algorithms and data structures for presenting data visually on a computer  This course is not about:  Using graphic design programs like Photoshop or 3-D Studio Max  Using graphics APIs like OpenGL

22. The Basics  Computer graphics: generating 2D images of a 3D world represented in a computer.  Main tasks:  modeling: creating and representing the geometry of objects in the 3D world  rendering: generating 2D images of the objects  animation: describing how objects change in time

23. Why Study Computer Graphics?  Graphics is cool  I like to see what I’m doing  I like to show people what I’m doing  Graphics is interesting  Involves simulation, algorithms, architecture…  Graphics is important  Just ask Intel…  Graphics is fun  Roll the video…

24. Graphics Applications  Entertainment: Cinema Pixar: Geri’s Game Universal: Jurassic Park

25. Graphics Applications  Entertainment: Games Cyan: Riven id: Quake II

26. Graphics Applications  Medical Visualization MIT: Image-Guided Surgery Project The Visible Human Project

27. Graphics Applications  Computer Aided Design (CAD)

28. Graphics Applications  Scientific Visualization

29. Trick Question What’s a pixel?

30. UNIX  You should familiarize yourself with UNIX  Getting around: cd, mkdir/rmdir, cp/mv/rm  Using make and Makefiles  Using gdb  We will use 2 libraries: OpenGL and Xforms  OpenGL native on SGIs; on other platforms Mesa