1. Early 19 th Century Art Romanticism and Realism and Neoclassicism

2. Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18 th century in Western Europe. In part, it was a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature, and was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature. Stokstad notes that both Neoclasscism and Romanticism remained vital in early 19 th century European and American art. Romanticism

3. The movement validated strong emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, terror, horror and awe—especially that which is experienced in confronting the sublimity of untamed nature and its picturesque qualities, both new aesthetic categories. In European painting, led by a new generation of the French school, the Romantic sensibility contrasted with the Neoclassicism being taught in the academies. Romanticism

4. How do we read the paintings that fall into this middle space between Neoclassicism and Romanticism? How should we describe them? What characteristics can we identify?

5. War, History Painting, and Napoleon

6. Jacques-Louis David Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard 1800-1801 oil on canvas

7. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Napoleon I on the Imperial Throne 1806 oil on canvas

8. Antoine-Jean Gros Napoleon in the Plague House at Jaffa 1804 oil on canvas

9. Antoine-Jean Gros The Battle of Abukir 1806 oil on canvas

10. Antoine-Jean Gros Napoleon Bonaparte on the Battlefield of Eylau, 1807 1808 oil on canvas

11. Eugene Delacroix Scenes from the Massacre at Chios 1822-1824 oil on canvas

13. Goya Francisco de Goya Y Lucientes The Third of May, 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid 1814 oil on canvas

14. Goya Francisco de Goya Y Lucientes Chained Prisoner 1806-12 indian ink wash

15. Jacques-Louis David The Death of Marat 1793 oil on canvas

17. Goya Francisco de Goya Y Lucientes Family of Charles IV 1800 oil on canvas

18. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Monsieur Bertin 1832 oil on canvas

19. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Princess de Broglie 1851-53 oil on canvas

20. Orientalism and Ingres

21. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres The Bather 1808 oil on canvas

22. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Large Odalisque 1814 oil on canvas

23. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres The Turkish Bath 1862 oil on canvas on wood

24. Romantic and Realist Landscapes Question: What is the artist using the landscape to accomplish? How can the viewer tell? What visual evidence is there?

25. Romanticism usually Romantic works have dramatic and intensely emotional subject matter Romantic landscape painting is dramatic the content emphasizes turbulent or fantastic natural scenery disasters the sublime (something that inspires awe) naturalistic the content represents tranquil nature the content signals a religious reverence toward nature Romantic painting is characterized by fluid, loose brushwork strong colors complex compositions powerful contrasts of light and dark expressive poses and gestures

26. Joseph Mallord William Turner Fisherman at Sea 1796 oil on canvas

27. Joseph Mallord William Turner Snow Storm: Hannibal and his Army Crossing the Alps 1812 oil on canvas

28. Joseph Mallord William Turner Peace--Burial at Sea 1842 oil on canvas

29. Caspar David Friedrich Monk by the Sea 1809 oil on canvas

30. Caspar David Friedrich The Abbey in the Oakwood 1810 oil on canvas

31. Thomas Cole The Oxbow 1836 Oil on canvas

32. Thomas Cole The Oxbow (The Connecticut River near Northampton) 1836

33. Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot Ville d'Avray 1867

34. Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot The Bridge at Mantes 1868-70

35. Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot Mill at Saint-Nicolas-les-Arras 1874

36. Types of Paintings religious images portraits history paintings still lifes genre* (scenes from every day life) * Genre painting is a fairly new development at the end of the 16th century (1580’s).

37. Religious Images Goya The Holy Family 1780 oil on canvas

38. Goya Portrait of the Duchess of Alba 1797 oil on canvas Portraits

39. Goya The Third of May, 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid 1814 oil on canvas History Paintings

40. Still Lifes Goya Dead Birds 1808 oil on canvas

41. Genre Goya The Snowstorm 1786 oil on canvas