1. Entrepreneurship Management F A Qs on Women Entrepreneurship Prof Bharat Nadkarni

2. 1.Gender bias comes in the way of effective entrepreneurial efforts by women. Discuss. (May 2008) 2.What problems women entrepreneurs face in India? What are the qualities of successful women entrepreneurs? Cite current examples. (May 2007) 3.Explain the challenges faced by the women entrepreneurs in rural and urban sector. What are the strategies to enhance the growth of small enterprises run by women in India? (May 2006) 4.What are the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs and what is their contribution in the semi urban and rural areas of India. (May 2005)

3. 5.Explain the contribution of women entrepreneurs, in tiny/ small sector in agricultural and rural sector in India. Give brief examples. (May 2004) 6.Gender bias. (May 2003- Short Note)

4. Amartya Sen emphasizes that woman empowerment is one of the keys to build India into a stronger nation

5. But……… In India, only 7.69% of entrepreneurs are women. Despite various Government-run schemes promoting women entrepreneurship, tax subsidies etc.

6. Some Facts Women Constitute not only half of the World’s population but also sway the growth of the remaining half. They produce half of the world’s food supply. They account for 60% of the workforce. Comprise only 10% of the world economy. Own less than 1% of the real estate

7. Important qualities of a women Will power + Perseverance + Emotional Stability = Effective entrepreneur Achievement orientation Initiator Long term involvement Assertiveness Risk taker Mental ability

8. Urge to earn more / support family earnings / run a family Need for flexi hours Family background Need to build a strong career Social objective ( E.G. SEWA) Need to establish own identity To fulfill creative urge Driving forces

9. Barriers Level Barriers IndividualHousehold/ Family BusinessCommunity/ Government Financial Women look for security Men decide about expenses Less income, less property – no security – no loan Some countries, signature of husband required for loan Economical Women get less education Women lack support for household work Lack of managemen t know-how Women discriminated in terms of access to economic resources Socio-Cultural Independent Thinking is not allowed to women Violence against women Husband must not be neglected Limited mobility – problems with the marketing, transportatio n & selling of goods In male dominated industries, women entrepreneurs are not accepted

10. Level Barriers IndividualHousehold/ Family BusinessCommunity/ Government Political-Legal Women act privately, not politically Women have got less influence and negotiation power in the family Less means to exert power/less protection by the state for women Entreprene urs Lack of knowledge about women Entrepreneurs, in order to be able to develop appropriate policies Psychological- Philosophical Low self- esteem, does not dare to demand rights Women are dividedWomen are afraid to be more successful than men/husba nds State views men as the ones who publicly represent the family