1. Cultures of Western Europe

2. 1-What has caused the economies of Western Europe to grow? The economies of Western Europe have grown because of productive industries and high-quality services.

3. 2-What kind of work did most people perform before the Industrial Revolution? Before the Industrial Revolution, most people worked on farms. –They could grow little beyond their basic food needs. –There were few machines to help them do their work.

4. 3-What were the effects of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions? N ew and better farm machines were able to do tasks that once required many workers. W ith these advances, farms could produce more and better crops with fewer laborers. As the need for farm workers declined, the need for industrial workers grew. Many people began moving to cities, where factories were located.

5. 4-What led to rapid urbanization after World War II? The United States provided billions of dollars to help Western Europe recover from the war. –With this help, the region’s industries came back stronger than ever. And even more people left rural areas to work in cities.

6. 5-List some of the reasons people go to cities. jobs. attend school. cultural attractions. –These include museums, concerts, restaurants, nightclubs, theaters, and stores.

7. 6-Provide examples of how the old and new mix in Western Europe. Both public buildings and houses from the Middle Ages next to modern apartments and office buildings. Cars and buses drive along cobblestone streets once used by horse-drawn carriages. Monuments honor leaders who lived hundreds of years ago. Market plazas from medieval times

8. 7-What are some of the characteristics shared by all cities? Centers of culture. Centers of finance Historic buildings and parks. Vibrant street life Theaters and museums.

9. 8-What are some of the characteristics of leisure shared by people in all cities? Six weeks of vacation each year. Skiing, hiking, and camping. Museums, concerts, and plays.

10. 9-What is the European Union’s goal with respect to culture To respect individual cultures, while encouraging cooperation among them.

11. 10-How does the EU achieve that goal? The EU finances programs that help cultural development and encourage cultural exchange. The EU helps museums, libraries, and other cultural institutions make these collections accessible to more people.

12. 11-What does the EU hope to gain by supporting the Arts?  It hopes to respect individual cultures, while encouraging cooperation among them

13. 12-Why did people begin moving to Western Europe after World War II? Industry continued to expand in the postwar years and more workers were needed. As a result, people from other countries began moving to Western Europe

14. 13-Where do most of the immigrants in Western Europe come from? Eastern Europe North Africa South Asia Middle East.

15. 14-Which four Western European countries have large immigrant populations? France Germany Italy United Kingdom

16. 15-Explain how immigrants have changed the cultures of Western Europe. They bring their languages, religious beliefs, values, and customs to their new countries. They may change the way they dress. New foods and discover new ways of cooking.