1. VIOLENCE: NATIONAL AND GLOBAL PATTERNS LECTURE: JAN. 28, 2016

2. INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS: USING THE GLOBAL PEACE INDEX Every year, the Global Peace Index (product of the Institute for Economics and Peace) attempts to determine the level of peacefulness of 162 world´s largest countries. Measuring the countries’ peacefulness is a complex process based on evaluating a wide range of indicators. There are 22 indicators in total, including things like number of external and internal conflicts, relations with neighboring countries, political instability, terrorist activity, number of homicides per 100,000 people, number of jailed persons per 100,000 people, nuclear and heavy weapons capability and many more. Since 2007 when the project was launched, Iceland has always been the safest and most peaceful country in the world. In this year´s TOP 5 peaceful countries, Iceland (this year´s score 1.189) was followed by Denmark (1.193), Austria (1.200), New Zealand (1.236), and Switzerland (1.258). In these countries, as well as in those which ranked close by, you should not worry about your safety. Source: http://economicsandpeace.org/http://economicsandpeace.org/

3. WHAT ARE THE MOST VIOLENT COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD BASED ON THE GPI? 1.Using the Global Peace index to rank the most dangerous countries in the world: See the top 10 list on the next slideUsing the Global Peace index to rank the most dangerous countries in the world: See the top 10 list on the next slide 2.Video: Profiles of the 25 most dangerous countries in the USAVideo: Profiles of the 25 most dangerous countries in the USA http://list25.com/25-most-dangerous-countries-according-to-global-peace-index/5/

4. THE TOP 10 MOST DANGEROUS COUNTRIES 1. Syria 2. Iraq 3. South Sudan 4. Afghanistan 5. Syria 6. Sudan 7. Central African Republic 8. Democratic Republic of Congo 9. Pakistan 10. North Korea Question: Why are these countries ranked so high? What makes these countries dangerous places?

5. USING THE MURDER RATE TO RANK COUNTRIES GLOBALLY Murder Rate: the number of reported murders/ resident population X 100,000 Which countries have the highest murder rates globally? To answer this question, read the following report: https://www.unodc.org/gsh/en/index.htmlhttps://www.unodc.org/gsh/en/index.html Video: Top 10 countries with highest murder rates http://m.huffpost.com/us/entry/worlds-highest-murder-rates_n_5125188.html Background: In 2012, there were almost a half million people intentionally murdered globally. Over half of all murders occurred in countries representing only 11% of the global population. The top 10 list is dominated by countries from Africa and the Americas. The question to ask and answer: WHY is the murder rate so high in these countries and regions? Lets take a look at the top 10:

6. COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST REPORTED MURDER RATES ACCORDING TO THE UNITED NATIONS HOMICIDE REPORT 1. Honduras: 90.4 2. Venezuala : 53.7 3. Belize: 44.7 4. El Salvador: 41.2 5. Guatemala; 39.9 6. Jamaica: 39.3 7. Swaziland: 33.8 8. Saint Kitts and Nevis: 33.6 9. South Africa: 31.0 10. Columbia: 30.8 Question: Where does the USA rank globally? USA homicide rate is in the middle of the pack globally, with a rate of 5.5 per 100,000.

7. USING THE VIOLENT CRIME INDEX TO RANK CITIES GLOBALLY What are the most dangerous cities globally, based on violent crime index? The Violent Crime Index: reported murders, rapes, robberies, and assaults. http://list25.com/the-25-most-dangerous-cities-on-earth/ Question: Why is violent crime so high in these cities?

8. THE 25 MOST DANGEROUS CITIES IN THE WORLD 1. Ciudad, Mexico 16. St. Louis, USA 2. Mogadishu, Somalia 17. Port-au-Prince, Haiti 3. Grozny, Chechna 18. Norilsk, Russia 4. Kinshasa, DRC 19. Capetown, South Africa 5. Guatemala City, Guatemala 20. Bangkok, Thailand 6. Caracas, Venezuela 21. Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 7. Detroit, USA 22. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 8. Baghdad, Iraq 23. Moscow, Russia 9. Karachi, Pakistan 24. London, UK 10. Johannesburg, South Africa 25. Lagos, Nigeria 11. New Orleans, USA 12. Port Moresby, Papau New Guinea 13. Muzaffarabad, Pakistan 14. Beirut, Lebanon 15. Bogota, Columbia

9. VIOLENCE IN THE USA: CITY AND STATE LEVEL VARIATIONS 1. What are the ten most dangerous cities in the USA? See the list on the following slide and watch the video below: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mB79HlsiYVg 2. Where do murders occur in the USA? A State-by-State breakdown http://www.statista.com/statistics/195331/number-of-murders-in-the-us-by- state/ Question: Which state has the highest number of reported murders? Question : Which states have the fewest murders?

10. THE TEN MOST DANGEROUS CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES BASED ON VIOLENT CRIME INDEX 1. Detroit, Michigan 2. Oakland, California 3. Flint, Michigan 4. St. Louis, Missouri 5. Camden, New Jersey 6. Chicago, Illinois 7. Memphis, Tennessee 8. Birmingham, Alabama 9. Baltimore, Maryland 10. Atlanta, Georgia Question: What is it about these cities that leads to violence?