2. Circles, Squares, and Daggers How Native Americans Watched the Skies Unit 2: Astronomy Level 5 Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

3. At the end of the lesson I will be able to… Read and Identify words with the adverbs ending in –ly Read and Identify words with the adverbs ending in –ly Read and identify words with /el/ spelled le, al, il, ol Read and identify words with /el/ spelled le, al, il, ol Read and identify words that require –es Read and identify words that require –es Identify words with the long o sound. Identify words with the long o sound.

4. Reading the Words Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

5. Most Adverbs end with -ly gradually gradually directly directly roughly roughly absolutely absolutely Can you identify each root word? Can you identify each root word? Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

6. Schwa plus l ( Ə l) words circle circle travel travel spiral spiral pencil pencil capitol capitol Can you think of anymore words that end with the / Ə l/, spelled le, el, al, il, or ol? Can you think of anymore words that end with the / Ə l/, spelled le, el, al, il, or ol? Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

7. Do your best, add -es equinoxes equinoxes inches inches cargoes cargoes Change y to i and add –es Change y to i and add –es varieties varieties What other words do you know that require –es when plural? What other words do you know that require –es when plural? Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

8. Words containing /ō/ spelled o and o_e social social spokes spokes shone shone Mexico Mexico adobe adobe Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

9. Reading the Sentences The ball’s speed increased gradually, and it went directly through the goal. The ball’s speed increased gradually, and it went directly through the goal. What are the 2 adverbs used in this sentence? What are the 2 adverbs used in this sentence? gradually, directly Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

10. She drew a circle in her spiral notebook. She drew a circle in her spiral notebook. Which words contain the / Ə l/ sound? Which words contain the / Ə l/ sound? circle, spiral Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

11. There are many varieties of fish in the ocean. There are many varieties of fish in the ocean. What is the regular plural in this sentence? What is the regular plural in this sentence?varieties What is the singular form of the word? What is the singular form of the word?variety Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

12. The adobe houses in Mexico are made of clay bricks that are baked in the sun. The adobe houses in Mexico are made of clay bricks that are baked in the sun. Which words contain the /ō/ sound? Which words contain the /ō/ sound? adobe, Mexico Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

13. Selection Vocabulary astronomical observatories astronomical observatories archaeoastronomy archaeoastronomy horizon horizon carbon dating carbon dating petroglyphs petroglyphs Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

14. astronomical observatories You have probably heard about stargazers of the past such as the ancient Egyptians, the builders of Stonehenge, and the Mayas. Did you know that Native Americans, too, made astronomical observatories long before Europeans arrived? You have probably heard about stargazers of the past such as the ancient Egyptians, the builders of Stonehenge, and the Mayas. Did you know that Native Americans, too, made astronomical observatories long before Europeans arrived? Our class is going on a field trip to two astronomical observatories to view Saturn? Our class is going on a field trip to two astronomical observatories to view Saturn? Definition – places designed for watching the universe beyond Earth, including stars, planets, and galaxies. Definition – places designed for watching the universe beyond Earth, including stars, planets, and galaxies. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

15. archaeoastronomy The study of these ancient observatories is called archaeoastronomy. By combining astronomy with archaeology, we are beginning to understand how people of the past observed the stars. The study of these ancient observatories is called archaeoastronomy. By combining astronomy with archaeology, we are beginning to understand how people of the past observed the stars. My sister is taking a course in archaeoastronomy, the study of ancient astronomical observatories. My sister is taking a course in archaeoastronomy, the study of ancient astronomical observatories. Definition – the study of ancient astronomical observatories Definition – the study of ancient astronomical observatories Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

16. horizon The point on the horizon where a star rises changes slightly over time. The point on the horizon where a star rises changes slightly over time. Every evening the sun sets on the horizon. Every evening the sun sets on the horizon. Definition – the line where Earth and sky seem to meet. Definition – the line where Earth and sky seem to meet. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

17. carbon dating The wheel was dated by figuring out when bright stars rose close to the points shown by the cairns. The calculations agreed with carbon dating for the site. The wheel was dated by figuring out when bright stars rose close to the points shown by the cairns. The calculations agreed with carbon dating for the site. Scientists use carbon dating to measure the amount of chemical carbon found in a fossil to tell its age. Scientists use carbon dating to measure the amount of chemical carbon found in a fossil to tell its age. Definition – using carbon 14 to find out the age of old material. Definition – using carbon 14 to find out the age of old material. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

18. petroglyphs All over the Southwest there are many such figures, called petroglyphs, cut in the rock. Spirals, crosses, rough outlines of humans, lizards, birds – all had meaning. All over the Southwest there are many such figures, called petroglyphs, cut in the rock. Spirals, crosses, rough outlines of humans, lizards, birds – all had meaning. We saw the petroglyphs, or rock carvings, left by an early tribe on the sides of mountains in New Mexico. We saw the petroglyphs, or rock carvings, left by an early tribe on the sides of mountains in New Mexico. Definition – drawings or words cut into a rock. Definition – drawings or words cut into a rock. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School

19. Vocabulary Quiz astronomical observatories astronomical observatories archaeoastronomy archaeoastronomy horizon horizon carbon dating carbon dating petroglyphs petroglyphs _______ is the line where Earth and sky seem to meet. _______ is the line where Earth and sky seem to meet. Drawings or words cut into a rock is known as ________. Drawings or words cut into a rock is known as ________. ________ are places designed for watching the universe beyond Earth, including stars, planets, and galaxies. ________ are places designed for watching the universe beyond Earth, including stars, planets, and galaxies. Using carbon 14 to find out the age of old material is called ______. Using carbon 14 to find out the age of old material is called ______. _______ is the study of ancient astronomical observatories. _______ is the study of ancient astronomical observatories. Mrs. DeVera Miller Maxwell Lakeland Elementary/Middle School