1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANS) Submission Title: [TRDA/TaiyoYuden – Antenna for UWB System] Date Submitted: [March 2003] Revised: [03 March 2003] Source: [Hironori Okado] Company [Taiyo Yuden Co.,Ltd.] Address [8-1 Sakaecho Takasaki-shi Gunma 370-8522 Japan] Voice [+81-27-324-2311] Fax[+81-27-324-2326] E-mail [h-okado@jty.yuden.co.jp] [Masa Horie, Mick Aoki] Company [TRDA Inc.] Address [10180 Telesis Court Suite120, San Diego, CA 92121] Voice [(858)554-0755] Fax [(858)455-7578] E-mail [mhorie@trda-inc.com, maoki@trda-inc.com] Re: [] Abstract: [This presentation is Introduction to small ceramic antenna for UWB system.] Purpose: [Tutorial Contribution] Notice: [This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.] Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 2 Antenna for Ultra Wideband System Hironori Okado (h-okado@jty.yuden.co.jp) Mick Aoki (maoki@trda-inc.com) Masa Horie (mhorie@trda-inc.com) Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. TRDA Inc.

3. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 3 Presentation Overview Common Antenna Measurement TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement TY’s UWB Antenna TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna Measured Data Conclusion

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 4 Presentation Topic  Common Antenna Measurement TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement TY’s UWB Antenna TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna Measured Data Conclusion

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 5 Common Antenna Measurement VSWR(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) Network Analyzer UWB Antenna Measure the S11 VSWR=150ohm

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 6 Gain & Radiation Pattern Anechoic chamber TX antenna e.g. Double ridge horn antenna Standard antenna e.g. Standard horn antenna Double ridge horn antenna Pt(dBm)Prs(dBm) Gs(dBi) Gain Gt=Prt-Prs+Gs 1. Rotate UWB Antenna 2. Plot Gt Radiation Pattern F=0deg F=90deg F=180deg F=270deg Gain （ dBi ） Prt(dBm) TX antenna e.g. Double ridge horn antenna UWB antenna Pt(dBm) Gt(dBi) Rotation F Prs: Prt: Gs: Gt: Standard Antenna Received Power UWB Antenna Received Power Standard Antenna Gain UWB Antenna Gain

7. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 7 Presentation Topic Common Antenna Measurement  TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement TY’s UWB Antenna TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna Measured Data Conclusion

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 8 Total radiation energy for total polarization radiation Theoretical limit at zero-loss condition How to increase gain? +  (dB)  Specific Direction Becomes Big -  (dB)  Other Direction Becomes Weak Ideal Characteristic of Omni Direction is SPHERE TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement Mobile device – no orientation Assumption: Ideal Radiation Pattern is OMNI Directional (Isotropic Radiation) １ Isotropic radiation 0dBi 1 １ +  (dB) -  (dB)

9. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 9 Actual Measurement: Plane – 3 (XZ, YZ, XY) Polarization – 2 (Vertical, Horizontal) How to Calculate GAIN? Method #1: {(YZ(V) + YZ(H)) + (XZ(V) + XZ(H)) + (XY(V) + XY(H))}/3 Method #2: {(YZ(V) + YZ(H))/2 + (XZ(V) + XZ(H))/2 + (XY(V) + XY(H))/2 } /3 TY Definition for UWB Antenna Performance Measurement (cont.) Looks higher gain than the actual. In the real world both V & H don’t always come to the antenna Take Method #2

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 10 Presentation Topic Common Antenna Measurement TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement  TY’s UWB Antenna TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna Measured Data Conclusion

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 11 TY UWB Antenna Smaller Size Target Application: PC Card miniPCI Compact Flash Card Memory Card Smaller, Lower-Profile High Dielectric Constant Material Ceramic Technology Antenna Size: 10 x 8 mm

12. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 12 Presentation Topic Common Antenna Measurement TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement TY’s UWB Antenna  TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna Measured Data Conclusion

13. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 13 UWB Antenna Design Challenge Need Antenna Design with ContinuityUltra Wide Band Need Antenna Design with Continuity in Ultra Wide Band VSWRAverage GainPhase (Group Delay) Miniaturization TY’s Technology Element Design Technology. Adding Multi Resonance Curve Compensate Impedance Matching in case of Built–in Antenna How to Design UWB Antenna? Doesn’t Work !!

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 14 Presentation Topic Common Antenna Measurement TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement TY’s UWB Antenna TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna  Measured Data Conclusion

15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 15 Measured Data VSWR VSWR=2.2 Max (3 to 11GHz)

16. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 16 Radiation Pattern Unit : dBi 3GHz5GHz 7GHz XY YZ XZ

17. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 17 Antenna Gain Unit: dBi (Showed average value in 1 round of each direction angle.) Total Average Gain = ( (YZ(V) + YZ(H))/2 + (XZ(V) + XZ(H))/2 + (XY(V) + XY(H))/2 ) /3 (Method #2)

18. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 18 Group Delay

19. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 19 Antenna Evaluation with UWB Source Configuration for Multi Band UWB Testing 5 feet TY UWB Antenna Multi Band UWB System Double Ridge Horn Antenna Oscilloscope Coaxial Cable Spectrum Analyzer Measured: General Atomics

20. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 20 Configuration for Single Band UWB Testing 3 feet Impulse Generator Oscilloscope TY UWB Antenna or Double Ridge Horn Antenna Coaxial Cable Spectrum Analyzer Measured: General Atomics

21. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 21 Multi Band UWB Source: Frequency Domain Coaxial Cable Center 4.5GHz Span 3GHz 10dB/Div Center 4.5GHz Span 3GHz 10dB/Div TY UWB Antenna (TX) with Double Ridge Horn Antenna (RX) Measured: General Atomics Transmit SignalReceive Signal

22. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 22 Coaxial Cable 2.5ns/Div 50mV/Div Multi Band UWB Source: Time Domain TY UWB Antenna (TX) with Double Ridge Horn Antenna (RX) Measured: General Atomics Transmit SignalReceive Signal The Antenna Characteristics Should Satisfy Multi-Band Systems.

23. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 23 UWB Antenna (RX) with Double Ridge Horn Antenna (TX) 1ns/Div 200mV/Div Single Band UWB Source: Time domain Coaxial Cable 500ps/Div 10mV/Div Measured: General Atomics Transmit SignalReceive Signal

24. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 24 Coaxial CableTY UWB Antenna (RX and TX) 500ps/Div 10mV/Div Single Band UWB Source: Time Domain Measured: General Atomics Transmit SignalReceive Signal More Work is Required on Single Band System. Preliminary Results are Extremely Positive.

25. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 25 Frequency (GHz)Antenna Gain (dBi) 3.50.8 4.01.7 4.51.7 5.02.6 5.51.4 Antenna Gain with Multi Band UWB Source Measured Direction Test Results

26. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 26 Presentation Summary Common Antenna Measurement TY’s Definition for UWB Antenna Measurement TY’s UWB Antenna TY’s Challenge for UWB Antenna Measured Data  Conclusion

27. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 27 Conclusion Measured Performance of Ceramic UWB Antenna Satisfied Multi-Band Systems with Antenna Characteristics Made Prototype of Small Ceramic Antenna for UWB Sources Requires More Work on Single-Band Systems: Extremely Positive Preliminary Results

28. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/145r0 Submission Mar 2003 Masa Horie, TRDA/Taiyo YudenSlide 28 Recommend Mobile Device Antenna Requirements for 15.3a Specifications:  Ideal Radiation Pattern of Antenna for Mobile Devices is OMNI Directional & SPHERICAL Shape  SPHERICAL Radiation Maximum Gain is 0dBi  Total Average Gain is Calculated with: ( (YZ(V) + YZ(H))/2 + (XZ(V) + XZ(H))/2 + (XY(V) + XY(H))/2 ) /3 Conclusion (cont.)