1. Study of Belle Silicon Vertex Detector Intrinsic Resolution Saša Fratina, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia for Belle SVD group

2. Outline of the talk Belle experiment Silicon vertex detector (SVD) Intrinsic resolution: study and results

3. Main goal of Belle experiment: study of CP violation in B-meson system Mt. Tsukuba KEKB Belle  (4s) e+e+ e-e- p(e + )= 3.5 GeV/c p(e - )= 8.0 GeV/c  (4s) B B  z ~ 200  m

4. detector silicon vertex (SVD) 50 cm 20 cm 4

5. 4 layers covering polar angle from 17 to 150 degrees basic unit e-e- e+e+ z rr

6. basic SVD unit: Double Sided Strip Detector (DSSD) separate measurement of r  and z coordinate strip pitch: 50 and 75  m for r  and z coordinate, respectively pitch

7. SVD intrinsic resolution Error on the track position measurement Track position is determined from the SVD hits on other layers DSSD track residual SVD hit

8. Typical residual distributions Intrinsic resolution is determined from the width of the residual distribution:   i = 10  m, RMS = 12-15  m for r  and   i = 25  m, RMS = 30  m for z coordinate residual [cm] r  coordinate z coordinate

9. Incident angle dependence Simple estimate for the perpendicular tracks: signal collected by single strip → resolution ≈ strip pitch /  12 Small incident angle: signal collected by few strips → resolution improved Large incident angle: signal collected by many strips → resolution gets worse due to smaller signal to noise ratio track x strips x y angle

10. Perpendicular incidence Relative number of tracks with cluster size 1 strip (red), 2 strips (blue) and 3 strips (green) local position read-out strip r  coordinate Due to charge diffusion, only about 30% of the SVD hits at perpendicular incidence have cluster size 1 strip 50  m same for z coordinate read-out floating strip 150  m

11. Incident angle dependence: result RMS [  m] 60 40 20 0 -20 0 20 40 Incident angle [degrees] -20 0 20 40 60 Incident angle [degrees] r  coordinate z coordinate Innermost layer 30 20 10 0

12. Incident angle dependence: result RMS [  m] Incident angle [degrees] -20 0 20 40 60 Incident angle [degrees] r  coordinate z coordinate Different colors show the result for all four layers: black, red, green and blue for the innermost, second, third and outermost layer. -20 0 20 40 60 40 20 0 30 20 10 0

13. Magnetic Field Effect Intrinsic resolution is not symmetric with respect to perpendicular incident angle Reason: magnetic field, confirmed by the plot of hit cluster size next SVD: Distribution of hits with cluster size 1 strip, 2 strips, 3 strips, … -20 0 20 40 incident angle [ o ] -12 o

14.  t(ps) J/  K s N B (  t) N B (  t) B B Conclusions Best resolution (RMS) at small track incident angle is found to be 20 and 30  m for r  and z coordinate, respectively. Intrinsic resolution is worse for larger incident angles and approximately constant for angles smaller than 20 degrees Intrinsic resolution of 30  m enables measurement of B meson vertex with the accuracy of ~ 100  m, which allows to measure CP violation in B meson system (differences between the decays of B and B mesons)

15. Back up slides

16. Interpretation of results Intrinsic resolution is the width of residual distribution if position of track is exactly known layer scale factor used to determine intrinsic resolution from the width of residual distribution (  r ~ 1.8  i for innermost and outermost layer and  r ~ 1.4  i for the other two layers)

17. Magnetic field effect n side p side E B. FeFe FmFm e - direction x y track n side p side + + + track E B. angle FmFm + + + FmFm x y Negative angle: smaller cluster size Positive angle: bigger cluster size

18. Assembly of the detector