2. Chapter 4 Section 1, pgs. 80-85

3. I. MUSLIM ARMIES CONQUER MANY LANDS, P. 80 A. Muhammad chose Abu Bakr to be the next leader of Islam (The first successor) 1. he was Muhammad’s first convert 2. he was a caliph: highest leader

4. B. Caliph: Abu Bakr 1. political, military leader; not a religious leader 2. he led many battles that helped unify Arabia for the first time (Muslim state) 3. his army conquered Persia and the Byzantine Empires

5. Abu Bakr conquered many lands outside of Arabia Islam began in Saudi Arabia with Muhammad

6. B. Abu Bakr II. A. trade, the Arabic language helped spread Islam and unify the Muslim world. 4. Muslims made a pact with non- Muslims they controlled III. A MIX OF CULTURES A. B. They allowed other religions to exist, but only if the non- Muslims followed a pact of rules called treaties (Christians, Jews, and others) 6. Treaties: non-Muslims could not build churches, or dress like Muslims; Muslims could not attack them

7. I. MUSLIM ARMIES CONQUER… C. The next several caliphs came from the Umayyad family 1. they moved the capital from Medina to Damascus and expanded the empire into Central Asia

8. Growth of an Empire, pg. 82 C. Umayyads- A FAMILY FROM WHICH MANY EARLY LEADERS CAME FROM 2. During the late 600’s, the Berbers were natives from Northern Africa who fought with the Muslims and slowed the Muslims down from expanding into Northern Africa. Finally, they converted to Islam 3. Arabs and Berbers joined forces to invade Spain and France in 711 A.D. 4. Muslims in Spain were called Moors ruled Spain for 700 years

9. I. D. The Battle of Tours The Berber Muslims tried to invade Tours (city) in France, but were stopped by a Christian army

10. Growth of an Empire, pg. 82 C. Umayyads 5. The Abbasids in 750 came to power 6. they reorganized the government to make it easier to rule

11. Muslims ruled Spain for over 700 Years

12. II. Trade II. Trade Helps Islam Spread A. Arab merchants took Islamic beliefs and practices to new lands 1. The brought back new products and products and new ideas 2. many coastal communities along trade routes are Muslim 3. Chinese (paper), India (cloth) and iron (SE Asia and Europe). 4. Muslims conquered parts of China, India, SE Asia and Europe

14. Tolerance III. A Mix of Cultures A. Muslims practiced tolerance- they accepted others (non-Muslims) B. Jews and Christians- treaties C. Muslims spoke Arabic, most of the people the time were Arabs, from Saudi Arabia (the Arabian Peninsula)

16. Baghdad

17. IV. THE GROWTH OF CITIES Cordoba: USE TO BE THE MUSLIM capitol city of Spain

18. Homework 1.Create a storyboard 2.Take a plain sheet of white computer paper 3.Fold it into 4 squares

19. Square #1: Abu Bakr, pg. 80 He was the first caliph elected by Muhammad because he was Muhammad’s first converts. He was the highest political and military leader

20. Square #2: Trade helped spread Islam, pg. 82 Arabic was the most common language spoken Ships and camel caravans helped to spread the religion

21. Square #3: Baghdad, Iraq, pg. 84-85 Universities museums Artists/art work scientists

22. Square #4: Cordoba, Spain, pg. 84-85 Cultural center

23. Square #4:Cordoba, Spain pg. 84-85 Artists/art work scientists