1. Missed Creek adventure????
Using the note sheet you were provided, please COMPLETE ALL INFO by using the following:
~ THIS PPT
~as well as the other PPTs associated with WATER HEALTH
~WEBSITES NOTED on the note sheet
REMINDER: THIS WILL BE YOUR 65% GRADE!!
Missed Creek adventure????

2. How do we know if our water is healthy?
There are PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL indicators that work together to determine the health of the water

3. Temperature Minimum = 32o Maximum = 97o
Definition: How hot or cold the water is
Healthy/Unhealthy Levels: Correct temperature to support the organisms/ecosystem
Minimum = 32o
Maximum = 97o

4. Temperature Causes of Temperature Change: loss or gain of shade
heat pollution
seasonal/global changes
Effects of Temperature Change:
decrease in dissolved oxygen (DO)
increased bacteria
increased algae growth

5. Definition: A measure of how cloudy water is due to “stuff” in it.
Healthy/Unhealthy Levels:
Drinking water = at or below 1 NTU
Salt water = below 25 NTU
Fresh water = below 50 NTU
turbidity

6. Causes of Turbidity Change:
erosion/run-off
disturbance of water
storms
algae growth
Effects of Turbidity:
increased temperature
decrease in DO
clogs gills in organisms
blocks sunlight for photosynthesis

7. ph Definition: Measure of how acidic or basic the water is
Healthy/Unhealthy Levels:
Drinking Water: 7
Salt Water:  8.5
Fresh Water: 6.0  8.0

8. ph Causes of pH level change: acid rain or other chemicals
minerals washing into water
Effects of pH level change:
death to sensitive plants and animals

9. Dissolved Oxygen Definition: Oxygen gas dissolved in the water
Healthy/Unhealthy Levels: Correct amount of dissolved oxygen = lots of life
4-5 ppm is optimal
Dissolved Oxygen

10. Dissolved Oxygen Causes of Change in DO Levels: increased temperature
decaying plant matter
Effects of Change of DO Levels:
less diversity of species
Kills fish 
Dissolved Oxygen

11. Nutrients
Definition: Substances that are usually good, but can become toxic if they are not the correct level
Healthy/Unhealthy Levels: Correct amount of nitrates, phosphates, sunlight, minerals like salt = lots of life
nitrates = 1 ppm or below is optimal
phosphates = .03 or below ppm is optimal

12. Nutrients Causes of Nutrient Level Changes: fertilizer run-off
animal waste run-off
Effects of Nutrient Level Changes:
EUTROPHICATION
low DO

13. EUTROPHICATION …….. Excess Nutrients  Algae Bloom (pond scum)  darkness below surface  photosynthesis stops decomposers & other organisms use up oxygen DEATH Of Organisms

14. Bio-indicators
Definition: Macro-invertebrates that live in the water and are sensitive to pollution
Healthy/Unhealthy Levels:
Lots of bio-indicators = healthy water
Little or no bio-indicators = unhealthy water

15. Bio-indicators Causes of Change in Bio-Indicator Levels:
increased levels of pollution
Effects of Change in Bio-Indicator Levels:
damages food chain
loss of organisms

16. Hardness
What are you testing for when you are testing the hardness of water?
Minerals, specifically…Calcium & Magnesium
“Hard” Water = contains Calcium & Magnesium
“Soft” Water = softened with salt

17. “Game changers” MERCURY
Natural toxic element – dumped in water from industries
Usually affects people through eating fish from mercury contaminated water
Causes kidney damage & brain/neurological disorders..esp on embryos

18. “Game changers” COLIFORM BACTERIA
Bacteria commonly found in water, soil and vegetation
Some forms are harmless, but can indicate the presence of fecal matter
Harmful: E Coli