1. G RADE 7 S CIENCE Separating Solutions Page 277

2. R EMEMBER... Something is a MIXTURE if it contains two (or more) substances that are not chemically joined together. The substances in a mixture can often be easily separated from one another. A PURE substance only contains one material and so cannot be separated in any way (unless a chemical reaction takes place).

3. D IFFERENT SEPARATION TECHNIQUES Are there mixtures that can not be separated? Are there mixtures in and around your home that you do not want to separate? Why can one mixture be separated with a filter while another can not? Because of Particle size and the type of mixture!

4. D IFFERENT METHODS TO SEPARATE MIXTURES 9 –1 A P. 279 How you would separate the following mixtures…  Salt water  Muddy water  Nuts and bolts

5. Salt water Evaporation Used as a separation method when parts of the mixture have different boiling points. When salty water is warmed the water evaporates leaving behind crystals of salt. Muddy water Filtration Used when there is a liquid and solid parts to the mixture. Nuts and bolts Mechanical sorting. - Floating - Magnetism (the magnet sticks to the iron but not to the sand) - Using your hands! http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=bHP1HQHAQrw

6. S EPARATION OF MIXTURES OCCUR IN MANY BRANCHES OF SCIENCE : Food science Tea bags Chemistry Water softeners Engineering Oil and gas filters Life science Bogs

7. T HERE ARE COMMON SEPARATION TECHNIQUES USED TO SEPARATE THE COMPONENTS OF A VARIETY OF MIXTURES. Straining spaghetti in a colander. Skimming fat off soup. Drying clothes (water from fabric) Window screens (air in bugs out) Making coffee using ground coffee beans

8. S EPARATION T ECHNIQUES IN THE H OME : Mixtures that exist in the home: dust from carpet water from clothes rocks from topsoil cigarette smoke from air __________________________

9. C HOOSE THE APPROPRIATE SEPARATION TECHNIQUE TechniqueSolventSoluteProcess ColanderwaterSpaghettiFiltration Clothes dryerWaterClothesEvaporation Window screenAirBugsFiltration Coffee percolatorsWaterCoffee beansFiltration Vacuum cleanersCarpetDustFiltration Skimming fat from soupSoupFatFloatation Refining oilWaterOilDistillation Toxic screenBloodAlcoholChromatography SeparatingSandIron fillingsMagnetism Drinking apparatusWaterSaltDistillation

10. I N CLASS ACTIVITY

11. S EPARATING MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS Separating heterogeneous mixtures 1. Mechanical sorting a) Magnetism b) Floatation 2. Filtration Separating homogeneous mixtures 1. Evaporation 2. Distillation Separating a solution by paper chromatography

12. S EPARATING HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES Heterogeneous mixture : a combination of two or more different types of matter that retain their own properties that can be detected quite easily. 1. Mechanical sorting Floatation Magnetism 2. Filtration

13. S EPARATING HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES 1. Mechanical Sorting: Used to separate the parts of a mixture based on properties such as particle size. Ex: floatation & magnetism

14. floatationmagnetism

15. F ILTRATION : A common way to separate solid particles from a mixture The filters can have holes of varying sizes… small to microscopic.

16. E XAMPLES OF FILTRATION Wood chips and water Styrofoam particles and water Sand and water Cornflakes and water/or milk Water and stones (pebbles)

17. Coffee filter Oil filter Furnace filter Colander

18. I N CLASS ACTIVITY P. 281 reading check

19. S EPARATING HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES P.282 Homogeneous mixture : a combination of two or more different types of matter that appear to be the same throughout the mixture and have the same properties. 1. Evaporation 2. Distillation

20. E VAPORATION : Change of state from a liquid to a gas. Liquid (solvent) evaporates to recover a solid solute from a solution. Salt (solute) and water (solvent) Sugar (solute)and water (solvent)

22. D ISTILLATION : Is a method that you can use to separate and recover a single solute and a single solvent from a solution. Uses the property of the boiling point to separate two components of a solution (solvent and solute) Uses two changes of state: evaporation and condensation (collect solvent) Example: (1)alcohol from water &(2) salt from water

23. D ISTILLATION The solution is heated until it reaches the solvent boiling point. The solvent changes state to become a gas and evaporates. The gas is then collected in the condenser, and cooled. While in the condenser, the gas condenses and turns back into a liquid. The condensation (liquid solvent) is collected into the receiving flask. The solute remains at the bottom of the flask and is not evaporated.

24. Condensation Evaporation http://www.yout ube.com/watch ?v=xxNfJLMNS 4E

25. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zW3C1RRulmg

26. T WO TYPES OF D ISTILLATION 1. S IMPLE D ISTILLATION Simple distillation generally separates a single solute from its solvent.

27. 2. F RACTIONAL D ISTILLATION Fractional distillation separates a mixture of liquids based on their varying boiling points. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =PYMWUz7TC3A

28. S EPARATING A SOLUTION BY PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY Used to separate the colored substances in a mixture such as ink. Used to separate the solvents in a mixture. How it works: The speed of a dissolved substance is carried by a solvent through a material such as filter paper, that absorbs the solutes.

29. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8r8hN05xXk

30. I N CLASS ACTIVITY P. 284 Questions 1-4 P. 291 Questions 1 – 4 P. 300 Questions 1 – 3, 6, 7 Workbook Core Lab STSE