1. Space Notes 3A Covers Objectives 6,7,8, and 9

2. Think About this Question: You should be able to answer this at the end of todays lesson How are the Solar System, Galaxy, and Universe connected?

3. Explaining the Early Universe Solar System: consist of a star and all the other celestial bodies that orbit around that star. Solar System 101

4. Galaxy made up of several stars, planets, gas and dust that are all held together by gravity. – Three types of galaxies, spiral elliptical irregular

5. Spiral Galaxy (Orange & Paper) central bulge is made of older stars. The disk circling it (spiral arms) is made of gas, dust, and newly formed stars. Milky Way is the galaxy we live in. It is a spiral galaxy. Earth is located in one of its arms.

6. Elliptical Galaxy (Football) contain some of the oldest stars in the universe. Majority of galaxies are believed to be elliptical. Largest galaxies in the universe are elliptical

7. Irregular Galaxy Does not have any regular shape such as spiral arms or a central bulge Contains both new and old stars

8. “The tragedy is not to die, but to be wasted.” ― Thomas Harris, HannibalThomas HarrisHannibal What is meant by the term “Galactic Cannibalism” Text Page 446

9. Galaxy Advertisement Activity Don’t Move; Listen to Instructions First Materials Required: - Text Page 445-446 / Electronic Device 1.Choose a Partner & Collect a Piece of Paper from Teacher 2.Choose 1 of the 3 types of Galaxies discussed in class, (Spiral, Elliptical, or Irregular) 3. Draw a picture of that galaxy and develop an Ad based on factual information obtained in class / text book to entice a star to join that galaxy.

10. “Here is Some Inspiration” Example of an Ad: Man Creates Slick Ad to Sell Crappy 1999 Car

11. Universe consists of all matter and energy

12. Solar systems make up galaxies which make up the universe! (Container Example)

14. Measuring Distances in our Universe Distances within our universe are measured in light years. 1 light year = distance light travels in one year (9.5 trillion km) Speed of light = 300,000 km/s

15. When we look into the night sky we are actually seeing the light from the past (that star may not even exist now) Example: the light we see from the star Sirius is actually 8.6 years old.

16. Question If light travels at approximately 9.5 trillion km/year and Proxima Centauri is 4.28 light years away, what is the distance to Proxima Centauri? A. 40.66 trillion km B 36.00 trillion km C. 13.78 trillion km D. 2.2 trillion km

17. Theories on the Origin of the Universe Big Bang vs Oscillating Theory

18. Big Bang Theory Evidence Suggests an expanding universe (open) Suggests that the present matter in the universe was compressed together into a hot dense mass 13.7 billion years ago This matter began to move outward after a massive explosion

19. How the Universe Works: Big Bang Breakthrough Video HowStuffWorks "Big Bang Videos"

20. Oscillating Theory Suggests that the universe will expand to a certain point in time and then due to the forces of gravitation among the stars and galaxies, contract. (Bungee Jumper Analogy) “Big Crunch” (closed universe)

21. 10 Ways to See In the Future “ Big Crunch” HowStuffWorks "Big Bang Videos"

22. Theories on how the Solar System was formed

23. Stellar Collision Theory this theory proposes that the planets and our Sun came from collisions between stars.

24. The Nebular Hypothesis states that the Sun and planets were formed when a large nebula (hydrogen gas and dust between stars) condensed and formed together by gravity. a nearby star could have exploded and started the condensing of the nebula. This is the more accepted theory.

25. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFLOsRSu W0E http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFLOsRSu W0E

26. Components of the Universe galaxy video - Google Search “How the Universe Works: Family of Galaxies Video”

27. Spiral Galaxy Our Milky Way Galaxy Earth is on the spiral arm, we see the center on its side at night

28. Elliptical Galaxy Some of the oldest and largest galaxies are elliptical

29. Evolution of Stars Video The Evolution of Stars - YouTube

30. Evolution of Stars DWARF STARSGIANTSTARS Small, burn fuel slowly,last a long time (100 billion years) red dwarfs to white dwarfs and burn out Large, burn fuel quickly, last a short time RED GIANTS to white dwarf to black dwarf OR SUPER GIANTS supernova to neutron star to black hole

31. Black Hole Sphere of extremely dense material with a gravitational pull so strong not even light can pass out of it! Created when a SUPER GIANT star collapses in on itself

32. Quasar Region of extremely high energy which develops around a supermassive black hole as matter is attracted into itself