1. IST, Orlando, July 141 Prediction of Micro - Sleeps Based on Thalamo - Cortical Oscillations COL. Václav PŘENOSIL tel.: +420 5 41182155 E-mail: prenosil@cs.vabo.cz Military Academy in Brno, Czech Republic

2. IST, Orlando, July 142

3. 3 Accident losses In the Czech Republic - 6 billion Czech Crowns in 1997. American statistics state that about 10% of all traffic accidents caused by micro-sleep. The estimation of losses caused by micro-sleeps of drivers in the Czech Republic in the last year amounted to about 600 million Czech Crowns (about 15 million US$). An assessment of secondary losses caused by micro-sleeps of drivers is much more difficult and needs more detailed analysis. Assuming that they are about 1/2 of primary losses, one arrives at a total figure of losses caused by drivers’ micro-sleeps on the roads and motorways in the Czech Republic in the range of about 900 million Czech Crowns in 1997 (about 22,5 million US$).

4. IST, Orlando, July 144 Discussion of the micro-sleeping Micro-sleep is such a state of the human organism, in which the mental vigilance and attention of the human operator controlling some artificial system decreases for a maximum acceptable time below a certain limit. Vigilance - The state of the organism, in which all its mental functions can be realized and when all receptor signals are accepted and well processed. Attention - The form of vigilance, when the dominant part of mental functions is concentrated on external objects (focused attention is considered as concentration to certain object).

5. IST, Orlando, July 145 t ms2 t ms1 Level of attention Region of micro-sleep with open eyes Region of micro-sleep with closed eyes minimal acceptable level of attention t maximum acceptable time t msa of micro – sleep with closed eyes t msa L AT L ATmin time t in which the organism’s mental activity L AT is observed L ATmin The definition of the phenomena of micro-sleep and its discussion.

6. IST, Orlando, July 146 Control functions in man-system interaction in the stay of micro-sleep Depth of micro-sleep Micro-sleep with closed eyes and no input Micro-sleep with closed eyes and limited input Slight micro-sleep with partial acoustic input Full attention Restricted control Full control Basic input signals (stability, vibrations, etc.) Acoustic input signals Visual input signals Human brain Artificial system

7. IST, Orlando, July 147 Method of the micro-sleep detection founding of significant parameters (cause -consequence) - markers scanning of the time series design of the predictor (forecasting) design of the reliable scanning device

8. IST, Orlando, July 148 Idealized example of the attention curve (t) in the 3 dimensional space {X} AT R AAT |L AT | X2X2 X1X1 X3X3

9. IST, Orlando, July 149 The slightly idealized plot of the EEG marker spectrum  Frequency  Amplitude of EEG signal

10. IST, Orlando, July 1410 Technique of generation of the time series fkfk Time Serie of the EEG spectrum U(f k,t) U 1, 2, (f) t f

11. IST, Orlando, July 1411 Typical dependence between alpha and RT alpha RT

12. IST, Orlando, July 1412 Typical dependence between delta and RT RT delta

13. IST, Orlando, July 1413 Example of dependence between the reaction time RT and the probability P of wrong response. RT P

14. IST, Orlando, July 1414 R AAT { ,  } Area of micro-sleep alpha Region of acceptable attention  EEG {  t,  t } t delta Example of the projection of the EEG (t) curve in the EEG space to the plane {alpha, delta}

15. IST, Orlando, July 1415 3D map of the brain activity - careless

16. IST, Orlando, July 1416 3D map of the brain activity - easy task

17. IST, Orlando, July 1417 3D map of the brain activity - difficult task

18. IST, Orlando, July 1418 The location of EEG electrodes for micro–sleep marker measurement. Glasses with EEG electrodes Temporal EEG electrode

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20. IST, Orlando, July 1420

21. IST, Orlando, July 1421

22. IST, Orlando, July 1422

23. IST, Orlando, July 1423 Thank you for your attention. COL. Václav PŘENOSIL, Ph.D. Prof. Mirko NOVÁK, Dr.Sc. Prof. Josef FABER M.D., Dr.Sc. Dr. Ivan VALACH, Lukáš VYDRA, MSc.