2. A New Era: the Birth of the Populist Movement

3. Objective: To examine groups that were organized to help farmers in the late 1880s and the development of the Populist Party.

4. Agriculture _________ remained SC’s main crop in the late 1880s. However, cotton profits alone were not enough to get the South out of DEBT!!!! Large plantations were replaced by Tenant Farming and Sharecropping which cost $$$

5. Help for the Farmers Although farm production increased after the Civil War, farmers faced several hardships: SUPPLY AND DEMAND!!! -European’s purchased cotton elsewhere during the war! -Result: Demand went down while supply went up!!!!!

6. Supply and Demand When supply exceeds demand, Farmers were forced to drop the prices of their goods!! Which means Farmers would make less money from their goods!!!

7. Farmers Hardships Conservatives (Bourbons) issued the “Crop Lien law” which gave creditors 1 st claim to the crops Bank Foreclosures Land taken for not paying taxes Drought and Pests = Crop Failure

8. Help for the Farmers In 1867, the Grange was founded. It was a national association of farmers. In brought families & friends together for discussions about problem-solving & politics. Unfortunately Farmers in SC Remained at the Bottom when it Came to Power And Politics ELITE Conservatives Had all the POWER!

9. Help for Farmers Conservatives = RICH Farmers = Poor No one in GOVERNMENT Were fighting for the farmers

10. The Populist Party The Farmers’ Alliance joined other labor groups in 1892 to form the ___________. They were _______. Populists-called for changes in government that would help the small farmer.

11. Populist Party 1.)“free & unlimited coinage of silver” 4.) Democratic Reform- -Popular election -Secret Ballot -Graduated income tax 2.)Regulation of Railroads & Banking 3.)Federal Farm Loan System 5.)Try to ally with industrial workers -8 hour work day -Restrictions on immigrants Overall, they wanted changes that would reduce the amount of profits for large companies and help the common people.

12. From Bad to Worse: The economy suffers after Reconstruction ends (Page 176-177) 1) What three crops did the early planters of South Carolina grow? 2) What did the plantation system rely on? 3) During the plantation days, why did most SCians resent (hate) the idea of bringing industry into the state? 4) After Reconstruction, why were the planters not making money from the cotton crop? 5) When the US was becoming more industrialized, where did the majority of people from SC remain? 6) What 1890s movement helped small farmers gain political power? 7) What industry came to be the future of the state?

13. In a complete, well thought out paragraph (at least 5 sentences), answer the following questions. What was the Populist Party? Why did it form? What group of people were involved in this political organization?

14. 1) What three crops did the early planters of South Carolina grow? Rice, indigo, and cotton 2) What did the plantation system rely on? Slave labor 3) During the plantation days, why did most SCians resent (hate) the idea of bringing industry into the state? Because it made them more like the North 4) After Reconstruction, why were the planters not making money from the cotton crop? Because it was too expensive to harvest and increased competition lowered prices. 5) When the US was becoming more industrialized, where did the majority of people from SC remain? On farms 6) What 1890s movement helped small farmers gain political power? Populist Party 7) What industry came to be the future of the state? Textiles