1. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 SHIT happens Conceptualization of „Day 1“ (1st. attempt) Helmut Jung, 2008

2. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 outline Lessons from „Day 1“: what can we conceptualize ? sanitation system: too complex for planning? Sanitation sector: what are the basic and necessary functions and responsibilities to succeed Urban / peri urban /informal settlements: where are the people? Planning – implementing – operating: are there only projects? ?Peri urban sanitation: is there a way forward ?

3. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 lessons from „day 1“ We all know enough – it is time to act! There are excellent and coherent concepts like HCES, CLTS, PHASTand others; now they have to be adopted specifically and in large scale Major issues are: the enabling environment, complex peri urban context, community driven processes political will, scale, financing incl. subsidies, …. ?Are we (donors / experts) part of the solution or part of the problem

4. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 some critical points … We always talk about and implement projects – could this be the bottle neck for real development of sanitation? We go ahead to develop new concepts and methods, pilot projects etc. – could this be our weak point? We tell people to change behaviour without knowing their reality and perception - ?Shouldn`t we change our behaviour and accept the leadership of local partners

5. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 system picture of the sector Water resources Withdrawl of water Waste-water disposal Technical infrastructure Population / Settlement structure, health, education, gender situation, households, etc Landuse agruculture, industry traffic, waste, energy, etc. Regulation Administration Politics Legislation Climate Bio - Geo- Hydrosphere Economy macro-/ micro-

6. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 Interaction and feed back loops

7. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 necessary functions in the sector Development of policies and strategies Development of a legal setting and governance instruments Enforcement of the legal setting Funding and finance mechanisms Regional planning (demand – response – financing) Implementation and supervision Operation and technical/organisational support Regulation and controlling Capacity building and applied research Monitoring and trans-sectoral governance Others …..

8. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 sector reality for planning Uganda

9. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 some critical points … We always talk about and realize projects – could this be the bottle neck for real development of sanitation? We go ahead to develop new concepts and methods – could this be our weak point? We simplify the reality to relieve planning (logframe !) We tell people to change behaviour without knowing their reality and perception - ?Shouldn`t we change our behaviour and accept the leadership of local partners

10. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 some peri urban characteristics Demand definition is very complicated, it depends on the economic background and life perspective of people Demand, expectations and behaviour have a wide range from extreme traditional to extreme frustrated depending on the social status of the families Informal settlements might have hidden social structures and informal authorities – an improvement of infrastructure can push real poor into invisibility People refuse to invest money and energy because they dont know where they will be in the next years ?A partial formalisation of informal settlements via infrastructure can endanger the population and unsettle local government

11. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 Services types draft ISO tc/224

12. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 ISO Standards tc/224

13. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 …. there are always some Eskimos found, who will explain to Africans what they should do …..

14. EcoSanRes 2 Workshop Stockholm 2008 some ideas for the way forward Instead of isolated project, sanitation needs harmonization and alignement with local demand definition Sanitation needs a legal setting combined with financial support and mechanisms (pull – push) and governance The enabling environment has to be created or developed and not claimed Instruments for planning, implementation and operation have to be integrated on all institutional levels The community as a key player has to be supported in all directions !!As every where else in the world social development needs ownership, dialogue, trial and error, social values and time