1. Civil Rights Movement 1960-1964

2. Sit - Ins 1. Greensboro, North Carolina A. 1960 – 4 black college students @ a Woolworth’s B. Stayed in their seats until closing C. Next day = 19 D. End of the week = 400 E. The next week – in 7 different cities in N.C.

3. 2. W/in 1 year, 70,000 participants in >100 southern cities A. 3600 arrested, expelled B. Beaten, kicked,. Sprayed w/ food, burned w/ cigarettes 3. Brought youth to the front of the Civil Rights Movement

4. Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) 1. Influenced by James Lawson, Martin Luther King, Jr. A. Studied non-violent philosophy of Ghandi B. Belief: Christian love would overcome hatred 2. Taught tolerance

5. Freedom Rides 1. Goal: Test the Supreme Court order outlawing segregation in bus terminals 2. Who: mostly CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) 3. The journey… A. May 4, 1961 – Birmingham, AL to Nashville, TN B. Violence erupted  1 st bus was bombed, riders beaten  2 nd bus – Walter Bergman C. No police intervention, federal g’vt forced to step in D. Results:  Could keep segregation laws if didn’t harm riders  328 imprisoned

6. Birmingham “The South’s most segregated city” 1. Violence 2. King came to lead anti-segregation boycotts and marches 3. May 3, 1963 1000s of children joined in the march was were arrested 4. JFK sent Federal officials to enforce de- segregation

7. March on Washington 1. August 1963 2. 250,000 blacks & whites marched to the capital to show support for Kennedy’s Civil Rights Bill 3. “I Have a Dream” in front of Lincoln Memorial 4. 2 weeks later = Birmingham Bombing 5. 2 months later = Kennedy assassinated 6. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964  Outlawed segregation in public accommodations

8. VOTING?