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By Ayn Rand.  Born: February 2, 1905  City: St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Presentation on theme: "By Ayn Rand.  Born: February 2, 1905  City: St. Petersburg, Russia."— Presentation transcript:

1 By Ayn Rand

2  Born: February 2, 1905  City: St. Petersburg, Russia

3  Rand opposed communism  Believed in the rights of the individual  Despised the collectivist society of Russia  Took America as her notion of an ideal society

4  Rand wrote Anthem in 1937, after moving to America  Anthem is a novella, meaning it is shorter and less complex than a novel, but longer and more complicated than a short story. Anthem

5 Let’s talk for a minute! How does culture affect literature?

6 Four major themes that we will discuss as we read Anthem:  collectivism  Individualism  conformity  equality

7  Collectivism – the overthrow of the individual to the group – whether to a race, class, or state does not matter. In Anthem, Ayn Rand will present a collectivist society that is stagnant and primitive, and the word "I" is obsolete. The individual... is owned by the group has no right to a private existence has no right to lead his own life, pursue his own happiness, or use his own property exists only as part of the group

8  Individualism/Objectivism – regards every man as an independent, sovereign entity who possesses an inalienable right to his own life, a right derived from his nature as a rational being. Individualism does not mean that one can do whatever he feels like doing; it means that every man or woman is an individual and has the same rights. The individual... has rights will not run anyone else’s life, nor let anyone run theirs will not rule or be ruled will not be a master nor a slave will not sacrifice themselves to anyone, nor sacrifice anyone to themselves

9 A great example of collectivism would be participating on a team. When you think of the Boston Red Sox, you think of a group of people, working together, for one common purpose.

10  The theme of conformity is closely related to the theme of individuality.  According the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, to conform means to be similar or identical, or to be obedient or compliant.

11 An example of conformity would be school uniforms.

12 Equality is the final theme within Anthem that we will discuss. Equality occurs when things are like (the same) in status, quality, nature, etc. Our main character in Anthem is named Equality7-2521. Before even reading this book, what might this tell us about his society? Are people in collectivist societies truly equal?

13 Motif: A recurrent device, formula, or situation that often serves as a signal for the appearance of a character or event...a reoccurring theme. The following motifs are present in Anthem. darkness light  The use of darkness and light ignorance knowledge  The presence of ignorance and knowledge transgression damnation  The idea of transgression and damnation

14  Antithesis - literal meaning opposite, is a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence for achieving a contrasting effect. Examples:  Speech is silver, but silence is gold.  Money is the root of all evils: poverty is the fruit of all goodness.  You are easy on the eyes, but hard on the heart.

15  Epistrophe (e-pis-tro-phee)is the repetition of the same word or groups of words at the ends of successive clauses.  The prefix “epi” can mean different things : “attached to,” “along,” “beside,” “outer,” or “end.” Just as an “epilogue” is the concluding section at the end of a literary text, “epistrophe” is a repetition of words at the end of clauses.  Example: “The forest has no end and we seek no end” (84).

16 Create a chart like below and find examples of indirect characterization of the characters Equality 7-2521 and Liberty 5-3000. Types of Indirect Characterization Cited text evidenceExplanation Speech Thoughts Effects on others Actions Looks

17 "A Brief Biography of Ayn Rand." The Ayn Rand Institute. The Ayn Rand Institute, n.d. Web. 19 Oct 2011. <http://www.anyrnad.org/site/PageServer?pag ename=about_ayn_rand_aynrand_biography>. "Anthem." Photograph. abebooks.com. Web. 19 Oct 2011. <https://www.abebooks.com/images/books/ret ro-summer-reading/anthem–ayn-rand.jpg>.

18 "Flag." Photograph. ushistory.org. Web. 19 Oct 2011.. "Rand." Photograph. jpetrie.myweb.uga.edu. Web. 19 Oct 2011.. “RedSox." Photograph. www.graphicshunt.com. Web. 19 Oct 2011. <http://www.graphicshunt.com/images/boston_red_ sox_baseball-12565.htm>. "Uniforms." Photograph. www.proconlists.com. Web. 19 Oct 2011. <http://www.proconlists.com/images/list/27/original/ school-uniforms.jpg>.

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