1. Unit 2 Lesson 1 Prehistoric Peoples

2. Early Native Americans
Standard
Essential Question
SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
a. Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
What led to the colonization of Georgia?

3. Crossing the Land Bridge
Over 20,000 years ago, earth experienced an ice age
Humans got here following food; didn’t know land was here
1st life was in Africa
Crossed Bering Strait (land bridge)
Took thousands of years to migrate

4. Paleo Indian Period Paleo is Greek for “very old” 1st people in GA
Nomadic (roaming) hunters
Hunted mastodons
Period referred to as the Paleolithic age

5. Paleo Time Period: Before 10,000 years ago.
Food Source: bison, mammoth, ground sloth, and mastodon
Weapons: Spires
Shelter: no fixed shelter; followed herds of large animals

6. Archaic Indian Period
Greek meaning is “old”
Learn to make pottery

7. Archaic Time Period: 8000 B.C. to 1000 B.C.
Food Source: Small game, reptiles, fish, shellfish, berries, nuts, fruits
Weapons, Tools: spears, choppers, drills, chipping tools, bone fish hooks, grooved axes, pipes, pottery
Shelter: crude shelters, stayed in one place longer.

8. Woodland Indian Period
3 sister crops, started farming
Maize, squash, and beans
Believed in life after death (tools found in mounds)

9. Woodland Time Period: 1000 B.C. to 1000 A.D.
Food Source: small game, fish, nuts and berries, some crops (squash, sunflowers)
Weapons, Tools: bow and arrow, pottery
Shelter: small villages of dome-shaped huts with grass roofs, mounds

10. Mississippian Indian Period
Lived in GA when Europeans arrived
Most highly developed
Know about this group from writings by Hernando de Soto

11. Mississippian Time Period: 700 A.D.
Food Source: crops (maize, beans, pumpkins, squash)
Weapons, Tools: similar to Woodland culture, stone hoes, copper headdresses.
Shelter: larger villages with ceremonial buildings.

12. PAW - M

13. Lesson Practice

14. Question 1
How did glaciers contribute to human migration to the Americas?
By making ice bridges
By creating otherwise scarce water
By exposing the land bridge
By growing the size of most animals

15. Question 2 2. During which period did people hunt mastodons?
Paleo-Indians
Archaic
Woodland
Mississippian

16. Question 3
3. In addition to squash, what other food crops made up the Three Sister?
Peppers and corn
Potatoes and beans
Beans and maize
Corn and potatoes

17. Question 4
4. Which early Native American period lasted until Europeans came to the Americas?
Paleo- Indian
Archaic
Mississippian
Woodland
Early Indians